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Maxed Out?: The Effect of Larger Student Loan Limits on Borrowing and Education Outcomes

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  • Jeffrey T. Denning
  • Todd R. Jones

Abstract

Despite growing student loans, little evidence exists on the effects of access to student loans on borrowing and educational outcomes. We examine these effects by using policy variation in the maximum federal student loan borrowing limits. In particular, first-, second-, and third-year students have access to different amounts of federal loans. Using a regression discontinuity and administrative data from a state higher education system, we find that access to higher loan limits increases borrowing for at least 26 percent of borrowers. Despite this increase, we find no evidence that eligibility for loans affects student GPA, credits, persistence, or graduation.

Suggested Citation

  • Jeffrey T. Denning & Todd R. Jones, 2021. "Maxed Out?: The Effect of Larger Student Loan Limits on Borrowing and Education Outcomes," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 56(4), pages 1113-1140.
    • Handle: RePEc:uwp:jhriss:v:56:y:2021:i:4:p:1113-1140
    Note: DOI: 10.3368/jhr.56.4.0419-10167R1
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    Cited by:

    1. Chu, Yu-Wei Luke & Cuffe, Harold E, 2020. "Do Struggling Students Benefit From Continued Student Loan Access? Evidence From University and Beyond," Working Paper Series 21067, Victoria University of Wellington, School of Economics and Finance.
    2. Britton, Jack & Gruber, Jonathan, 2020. "Do income contingent student loans reduce labor supply?," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 79(C).
    3. Goodman, Sarena & Isen, Adam & Yannelis, Constantine, 2021. "A day late and a dollar short: Liquidity and household formation among student borrowers," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 142(3), pages 1301-1323.
    4. Todd R. Jones & Daniel Kreisman & Ross Rubenstein & Cynthia Searcy & Rachana Bhatt, 2022. "The Effects of Financial Aid Loss on Persistence and Graduation: A Multi-Dimensional Regression Discontinuity Approach," Education Finance and Policy, MIT Press, vol. 17(2), pages 206-231, Spring.
    5. Sandra E. Black & Jeffrey T. Denning & Lisa J. Dettling & Sarena Goodman & Lesley J. Turner, 2023. "Taking It to the Limit: Effects of Increased Student Loan Availability on Attainment, Earnings, and Financial Well-Being," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 113(12), pages 3357-3400, December.
    6. Barr, Andrew & Bird, Kelli A. & Castleman, Benjamin L., 2021. "The effect of reduced student loan borrowing on academic performance and default: Evidence from a loan counseling experiment," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 202(C).
    7. Ege Aksu & Sidhya Balakrishnan & Eric Bettinger & Jonathan S. Hartley & Michael S. Kofoed & Dubravka Ritter & Douglas A. Webber, 2024. "Navigating Higher Education Insurance: An Experimental Study on Demand and Adverse Selection"," Working Papers 24-07, Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia.
    8. Michael D. Bloem, 2023. "Impacts of Transfer Admissions Requirements: Evidence from Georgia," Research in Higher Education, Springer;Association for Institutional Research, vol. 64(6), pages 834-861, September.
    9. Alvaro Mezza & Daniel R. Ringo & Kamila Sommer, 2021. "Student Loans, Access to Credit and Consumer Financial Behavior," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2021-050, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
    10. Aizat Nurshatayeva & Lindsay C. Page & Carol C. White & Hunter Gehlbach, 2021. "Are Artificially Intelligent Conversational Chatbots Uniformly Effective in Reducing Summer Melt? Evidence from a Randomized Controlled Trial," Research in Higher Education, Springer;Association for Institutional Research, vol. 62(3), pages 392-402, May.

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    JEL classification:

    • I20 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - General
    • I22 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Educational Finance; Financial Aid
    • G51 - Financial Economics - - Household Finance - - - Household Savings, Borrowing, Debt, and Wealth

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