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Proximity and Innovation through an 'Accessibility to Knowledge' Lens

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  • Nadine Massard
  • Caroline Mehier

Abstract

Massard N. and Mehier C. Proximity and innovation through an 'accessibility to knowledge' lens, Regional Studies. The aim of this paper is to improve understanding of the spatial diffusion process of knowledge in terms of accessibility, and also to elaborate a new measurement and evaluation tools adapted to a concrete estimation of these phenomena. This approach offers ways of giving an operational content to the concept of proximity. The 'potential functions' used to measure geographical accessibility is enriched with the integration of the characteristics of knowledge diffusion, namely sources of externalities/knowledge, ways of transmission, and absorptive capacity. The paper especially focuses on the relational and strategic dimensions of proximity by using some developments from social networks analysis. Such an approach leads to new empirical models for estimating the determinants of accessibility to knowledge. [image omitted] Massard N. et Mehier C. Proximite et innovation: une approche par l'accessibilite aux connaissances, Regional Studies. Le but de cet article est a la fois d'ameliorer notre comprehension des processus de diffusion spatiale des connaissances et d'elaborer de nouvelles mesures et outils d'evaluation adaptes a une estimation concrete de ces phenomenes en termes d'accessibilite. L'approche en termes d'accessibilite aux connaissances ouvre la voie a une operationalisation du concept de proximite. Aux « fonctions de potentiel » utilisees pour mesurer la proximite geographique nous integrons les caracteristiques de la diffusion des connaissances, a savoir les sources d'externalites/de connaissances ainsi que les moyens de transmission et la capacite d'absorption. En l'occurrence, nous mettons tout particulierement l'accent sur les dimensions relationnelle et strategique de la proximite en mobilisant certains developpements de l'analyse des reseaux sociaux. Une telle approche suggere de nouveaux modeles empiriques d'estimation des determinants de l'accessibilite aux connaissances. Diffusion de connaissances Accessibilite Proximite geographique Proximite sociale Reseaux Massard N. und Mehier C. Nahe und Innovation durch das Objektiv eines 'Zugangs zum Wissen', Regional Studies. Mit diesem Beitrag wird versucht, das Verstandnis fur den raumlichen Diffusionsprozess des Wissens im Hinblick auf den Zugang zu verbessern und neue Mess- und Bewertungsinstrumente zu entwickeln, die sich fur eine konkrete Schatzung dieser Phanomene eignen. Dieser Ansatz bietet die Moglichkeit, dem Konzept der Nahe einen funktionalen Inhalt zu verleihen. Wir erganzen die zur Messung des geografischen Zugangs verwendeten 'Potenzialfunktionen' durch die Integration der Merkmale der Wissensdiffusion, namlich der Quellen von Externalitaten bzw. Wissen, der Ubertragungswege sowie der Absorptionskapazitat. Insbesondere konzentrieren wir uns auf die relationalen und strategischen Dimensionen der Nahe, wofur wir einige Entwicklungen aus der sozialen Netzwerkanalyse nutzen. Ein solcher Ansatz fuhrt zu neuen empirischen Modellen zur Schatzung der Determinanten eines Zugangs zum Wissen. Wissensdiffusion Zugang Geografische Nahe Soziale Nahe Netzwerke Massard N. y Mehier C. Proximidad e innovacion, vistas a traves del objetivo de 'acceder al conocimiento', Regional Studies. El objetivo de este ensayo es conocer a fondo cual es el proceso de divulgacion espacial de los conocimientos en cuanto a la accesibilidad, y elaborar nuevas herramientas de medicion y evaluacion adaptadas para calcular concretamente estos fenomenos. Este enfoque ofrece modos de aportar un contenido operativo al concepto de proximidad. Mejoramos las 'funciones potenciales' usadas para medir la accesibilidad geografica con la integracion de las caracteristicas de la divulgacion de conocimientos, es decir las fuentes de efectos externos/conocimientos, los modos de transmision y la capacidad absorbente. Prestamos especial atencion a las dimensiones relacionales y estrategicas de proximidad usando algunos avances de los analisis de las redes sociales. Esto nos lleva a nuevos modelos empiricos para calcular los determinantes del acceso al conocimiento. Divulgacion del conocimiento Accesibilidad Proximidad geografica Proximidad social Redes

Suggested Citation

  • Nadine Massard & Caroline Mehier, 2009. "Proximity and Innovation through an 'Accessibility to Knowledge' Lens," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 43(1), pages 77-88.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:regstd:v:43:y:2009:i:1:p:77-88
    DOI: 10.1080/00343400701808881
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Leahy, Dermot & Neary, J. Peter, 2007. "Absorptive capacity, R&D spillovers, and public policy," International Journal of Industrial Organization, Elsevier, vol. 25(5), pages 1089-1108, October.
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    4. Stefano Breschi & Francesco Lissoni, 2006. "Mobility of inventors and the geography of knowledge spillovers. New evidence on US data," KITeS Working Papers 184, KITeS, Centre for Knowledge, Internationalization and Technology Studies, Universita' Bocconi, Milano, Italy, revised Oct 2006.
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