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Force And Bias: Towards A Predictive Model Of Effective Third-Party Intervention

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  • Dane Rowlands
  • David Carment

Abstract

Throughout the 1990s multilateral interventions often deviated significantly from traditional peacekeeping in terms of mandate complexity, level of force, and the absence of consent and impartiality. This paper develops a formal model of biased intervention and specifies propositions regarding its effects on combatant behaviour. We find that the response to the intervener depends on the how the combatants divide their labour resources between production and fighting, the amount of resources the intervener transfers between the combatants, and the degree to which the intervener's military efforts affect the effectiveness of the combatant's military forces. NATO's intervention in Kosovo is then used as a case study to illustrate the strengths and weaknesses of the model. Finally, we identify the theoretical and policy-relevant implications of the model and outline directions for future research.

Suggested Citation

  • Dane Rowlands & David Carment, 2006. "Force And Bias: Towards A Predictive Model Of Effective Third-Party Intervention," Defence and Peace Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 17(5), pages 435-456.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:defpea:v:17:y:2006:i:5:p:435-456
    DOI: 10.1080/10242690600888213
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Galindo-Silva Hector, 2021. "Conflict Externalization and the Quest for Peace: Theory and Case Evidence from Colombia," Peace Economics, Peace Science, and Public Policy, De Gruyter, vol. 27(1), pages 29-50, February.
    2. Amegashie J. Atsu, 2011. "On Third-Party Intervention in Conflicts: An Economist's View," Peace Economics, Peace Science, and Public Policy, De Gruyter, vol. 16(2), pages 1-10, April.
    3. David Carment & Martin Fischer, 2011. "Three’s Company? Towards an Understanding of Third-Party Intervention Effectiveness," Chapters, in: Christopher J. Coyne & Rachel L. Mathers (ed.), The Handbook on the Political Economy of War, chapter 22, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    4. Yang-Ming Chang & Zijun Luo, 2017. "Endogenous Destruction In Conflict: Theory And Extensions," Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International, vol. 55(1), pages 479-500, January.
    5. Chang, Yang-Ming & Potter, Joel & Sanders, Shane, 2007. "War and peace: Third-party intervention in conflict," European Journal of Political Economy, Elsevier, vol. 23(4), pages 954-974, December.
    6. Max Blouin, 2018. "Peacekeeping: A strategic approach," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 51(1), pages 41-63, February.
    7. Yang-Ming Chang & Manaf Sellak, 2024. "Conflict and agreement in the collective choice of trade policies: implications for interstate disputes," Public Choice, Springer, vol. 199(1), pages 103-135, April.

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