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Peacekeeping: A strategic approach

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  • Max Blouin

Abstract

This paper presents a theoretical model of conflict between two players, with intervention by a peacekeeping force. Peacekeepers are treated as a military contingent, capable of taking sides, acting as a third (independent) side in the war or remaining inactive, depending on circumstances. This departs from previous models, in which peacekeeping was no more than a parameter affecting players' fighting costs. The main result is an optimal deployment strategy by peacekeepers, detailing the nature and level of intervention required under different circumstances; this strategy results in the lowest possible level of warfare between the two antagonists. The credible threat of force (rather than mere intervention) is the strategy's key component. Cet article présente un modèle théorique de conflit entre deux joueurs avec intervention par une force de maintien de la paix. Cette force est considérée comme un contingent militaire qui peut, selon les circonstances, s'aligner avec l'un des deux adversaires, agir indépendemment comme troisième adversaire, ou encore demeurer inactif. Cette approche se distingue de la plupart des modèles existants, dans lesquels le maintien de la paix n'est qu'un paramètre affectant les coûts des joueurs. Le résultat principal est une stratégie optimale de déploiement par la force de maintien de la paix, qui spécifie la nature et le niveau d'intervention requis sous différentes circonstances; cette stratégie minimise l'intensité du conflit entre les deux antagonistes. La menace crédible de force (plutôt que la simple intervention militaire) est la principale composante de cette stratégie.

Suggested Citation

  • Max Blouin, 2018. "Peacekeeping: A strategic approach," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 51(1), pages 41-63, February.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:canjec:v:51:y:2018:i:1:p:41-63
    DOI: 10.1111/caje.12315
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Hirshleifer, Jack, 1991. "The Technology of Conflict as an Economic Activity," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 81(2), pages 130-134, May.
    2. Max Blouin & Stéphane Pallage, 2008. "Humanitarian Relief and Civil Conflict," Journal of Conflict Resolution, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 52(4), pages 548-565, August.
    3. Amegashie, J. Atsu & Kutsoati, Edward, 2007. "(Non)intervention in intra-state conflicts," European Journal of Political Economy, Elsevier, vol. 23(3), pages 754-767, September.
    4. Camiña, Ester & Porteiro, Nicolás, 2009. "The role of mediation in peacemaking and peacekeeping negotiations," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 53(1), pages 73-92, January.
    5. Kyle Beardsley, 2008. "Agreement without Peace? International Mediation and Time Inconsistency Problems," American Journal of Political Science, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 52(4), pages 723-740, October.
    6. Garfinkel, Michelle R. & Skaperdas, Stergios, 2007. "Economics of Conflict: An Overview," Handbook of Defense Economics, in: Keith Hartley & Todd Sandler (ed.), Handbook of Defense Economics, edition 1, volume 2, chapter 22, pages 649-709, Elsevier.
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    10. Dane Rowlands & David Carment, 2006. "Force And Bias: Towards A Predictive Model Of Effective Third-Party Intervention," Defence and Peace Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 17(5), pages 435-456.
    11. Favretto, Katja, 2009. "Should Peacemakers Take Sides? Major Power Mediation, Coercion, and Bias," American Political Science Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 103(2), pages 248-263, May.
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