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Development and validation of a multilevel safety climate measurement tool in the construction industry

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  • Rita Peihua Zhang
  • Helen Lingard
  • Steve Nevin

Abstract

Construction organizations are large and complex with decentralized structures, and characterized by non-routine work undertaken by semi-autonomous work groups. Construction workers’ perceptions of safety climate can form at different levels and vary between subunits. A multilevel safety climate measurement tool was proposed, which identified five important safety agents, i.e. client, principal contractor, supervisor, co-workers, and individual workers. Surveys were conducted at three construction projects commissioned by Fonterra Co-operative Group. A total of 356 participants completed the survey. The data was subject to scale reliability analysis and factor analysis. The results showed that all scales achieved satisfactory internal consistency and the multilevel factorial structure was generally supported. At the organizational level, the tool measures clients’ overall safety priority and safety actions, and principal contractors’ general commitment to safety. At the group level, the tool measures supervisors’ safety actions and safety expectations, and co-workers’ general safety values and practices. The tool also measures individual safety responses reflected by safety compliance and safety participation. The measurement tool would help construction organizations to diagnose potential weaknesses in their safety management practices for safety improvement and also help to develop a social and cultural work environment that is supportive of safety at all levels.

Suggested Citation

  • Rita Peihua Zhang & Helen Lingard & Steve Nevin, 2015. "Development and validation of a multilevel safety climate measurement tool in the construction industry," Construction Management and Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 33(10), pages 818-839, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:conmgt:v:33:y:2015:i:10:p:818-839
    DOI: 10.1080/01446193.2015.1108451
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Helen Clare Lingard & Tracy Cooke & Nick Blismas, 2009. "Group-level safety climate in the Australian construction industry: within-group homogeneity and between-group differences in road construction and maintenance," Construction Management and Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 27(4), pages 419-432.
    2. Helen Clare Lingard & Tracy Cooke & Nick Blismas, 2012. "Designing for construction workers’ occupational health and safety: a case study of socio-material complexity," Construction Management and Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 30(5), pages 367-382, February.
    3. Helen Clare Lingard & Tracy Cooke & Nick Blismas, 2010. "Safety climate in conditions of construction subcontracting: a multi-level analysis," Construction Management and Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 28(8), pages 813-825.
    4. Helen Clare Lingard & Tracy Cooke & Nick Blismas, 2012. "Designing for construction workers’ occupational health and safety: a case study of socio-material complexity," Construction Management and Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 30(7), pages 599-599, July.
    5. Helen Lingard, 2010. "Construction Safety Management," Construction Management and Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 28(2), pages 213-214.
    6. Helen Clare Lingard & Tracy Cooke & Nick Blismas, 2010. "Properties of group safety climate in construction: the development and evaluation of a typology," Construction Management and Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 28(10), pages 1099-1112.
    7. Humphrey, Stephen E. & Moon, Henry & Conlon, Donald E. & Hofmann, David A., 2004. "Decision-making and behavior fluidity: How focus on completion and emphasis on safety changes over the course of projects," Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Elsevier, vol. 93(1), pages 14-27, January.
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    Cited by:

    1. Mohamad Azrin Ahamad & Kadir Arifin & Azlan Abas & Mahfudz Mahfudz & Muhammad Basir Cyio & Muhammad Khairil & Muhammad Nur Ali & Ilyas Lampe & Muhammad Ahsan Samad, 2022. "Systematic Literature Review on Variables Impacting Organization’s Zero Accident Vision in Occupational Safety and Health Perspectives," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-28, June.
    2. Bumjin Han & Seunghyun Son & Sunkuk Kim, 2021. "Measuring Safety Climate in the Construction Industry: A Systematic Literature Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-22, September.
    3. Anas A. Makki & Ibrahim Mosly, 2020. "Determinants for Safety Climate Evaluation of Construction Industry Sites in Saudi Arabia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-10, November.
    4. Felipe Muñoz-La Rivera & Javier Mora-Serrano & Eugenio Oñate, 2021. "Factors Influencing Safety on Construction Projects (fSCPs): Types and Categories," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(20), pages 1-30, October.
    5. Ibrahim Mosly & Anas A. Makki, 2020. "Safety Climate Perceptions in the Construction Industry of Saudi Arabia: The Current Situation," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(18), pages 1-16, September.
    6. Wei Tong Chen & Hew Cameron Merrett & Ying-Hua Huang & Shih Tong Lu & Wen Chun Sun & Yadi Li, 2019. "Exploring the Multilevel Perception of Safety Climate on Taiwanese Construction Sites," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(17), pages 1-18, August.
    7. Ibrahim Mosly & Anas A. Makki, 2021. "The Effects of Multi-Sociodemographic Characteristics of Construction Sites Personnel on Perceptions of Safety Climate-Influencing Factors: The Construction Industry in Saudi Arabia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-16, February.
    8. Carol K.H. Hon & Yulin Liu, 2016. "Exploring Typical and Atypical Safety Climate Perceptions of Practitioners in the Repair, Maintenance, Minor Alteration and Addition (RMAA) Sector in Hong Kong," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-12, September.
    9. Huakang Liang & Ken-Yu Lin & Shoujian Zhang & Yikun Su, 2018. "The Impact of Coworkers’ Safety Violations on an Individual Worker: A Social Contagion Effect within the Construction Crew," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-21, April.

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