IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/taf/applec/v54y2022i20p2320-2342.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Spillovers and portfolio optimization of precious metals and global/regional equity markets

Author

Listed:
  • Jose Arreola Hernandez
  • Sang Hoon Kang
  • Seong-Min Yoon

Abstract

We examine the spillovers and resource allocation characteristics of a portfolio of precious metal commodities and global/regional equity markets using a directional spillover index and portfolio optimization methods. Spillover index results show that the largest spillovers among precious metals occur between gold and silver and between zinc and lead. The largest spillovers of the world, Americas, Europe and Asia Pacific equity indices are on palladium and copper. Copper and zinc most largely spillover on the world and Americas equity indices. Copper and lead most largely spillover on the Europe equity index, while copper and silver most largely spillover on the Asia Pacific equity index. Portfolio optimization results indicate that nickel and lead add the most risk to total portfolio risk, whereas gold, platinum and aluminium add the least risk to the portfolio of commodities. Gold and aluminium are the precious metals most desirable for investment.

Suggested Citation

  • Jose Arreola Hernandez & Sang Hoon Kang & Seong-Min Yoon, 2022. "Spillovers and portfolio optimization of precious metals and global/regional equity markets," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 54(20), pages 2320-2342, April.
  • Handle: RePEc:taf:applec:v:54:y:2022:i:20:p:2320-2342
    DOI: 10.1080/00036846.2021.1988889
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00036846.2021.1988889
    Download Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1080/00036846.2021.1988889?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Cagli, Efe Caglar & Taskin, Dilvin & Evrim Mandaci, Pınar, 2019. "The short- and long-run efficiency of energy, precious metals, and base metals markets: Evidence from the exponential smooth transition autoregressive models," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 84(C).
    2. Diebold, Francis X. & Yılmaz, Kamil, 2014. "On the network topology of variance decompositions: Measuring the connectedness of financial firms," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 182(1), pages 119-134.
    3. Jiang, Yonghong & Fu, Yuyuan & Ruan, Weihua, 2019. "Risk spillovers and portfolio management between precious metal and BRICS stock markets," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 534(C).
    4. Hammoudeh, Shawkat & Malik, Farooq & McAleer, Michael, 2011. "Risk management of precious metals," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 51(4), pages 435-441.
    5. Urom, Christian & Anochiwa, Lasbrey & Yuni, Denis & Idume, Gabriel, 2019. "Asymmetric linkages among precious metals, global equity and bond yields: The role of volatility and business cycle factors," The Journal of Economic Asymmetries, Elsevier, vol. 20(C).
    6. repec:taf:jnlbes:v:30:y:2012:i:2:p:212-228 is not listed on IDEAS
    7. Annastiina Silvennoinen & Timo Teräsvirta, 2009. "Modeling Multivariate Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity with the Double Smooth Transition Conditional Correlation GARCH Model," Journal of Financial Econometrics, Oxford University Press, vol. 7(4), pages 373-411, Fall.
    8. Uddin, Gazi Salah & Shahzad, Syed Jawad Hussain & Boako, Gideon & Hernandez, Jose Areola & Lucey, Brian M., 2019. "Heterogeneous interconnections between precious metals: Evidence from asymmetric and frequency-domain spillover analysis," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 64(C).
    9. Sensoy, Ahmet, 2013. "Dynamic relationship between precious metals," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 38(4), pages 504-511.
    10. Elliott, Graham & Rothenberg, Thomas J & Stock, James H, 1996. "Efficient Tests for an Autoregressive Unit Root," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 64(4), pages 813-836, July.
    11. Jonathan A. Batten & Cetin Ciner & Brian M. Lucey, 2015. "Which precious metals spill over on which, when and why? Some evidence," Applied Economics Letters, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 22(6), pages 466-473, April.
    12. McCown, James Ross & Shaw, Ron, 2017. "Investment potential and risk hedging characteristics of platinum group metals," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 328-337.
    13. Klein, Tony, 2017. "Dynamic correlation of precious metals and flight-to-quality in developed markets," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 23(C), pages 283-290.
    14. Koop, Gary & Pesaran, M. Hashem & Potter, Simon M., 1996. "Impulse response analysis in nonlinear multivariate models," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 74(1), pages 119-147, September.
    15. Robert F. Engle & Kevin Sheppard, 2001. "Theoretical and Empirical properties of Dynamic Conditional Correlation Multivariate GARCH," NBER Working Papers 8554, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    16. Francis X. Diebold & Kamil Yilmaz, 2009. "Measuring Financial Asset Return and Volatility Spillovers, with Application to Global Equity Markets," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 119(534), pages 158-171, January.
    17. Koop, Gary & Korobilis, Dimitris, 2014. "A new index of financial conditions," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 101-116.
    18. Pesaran, H. Hashem & Shin, Yongcheol, 1998. "Generalized impulse response analysis in linear multivariate models," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 58(1), pages 17-29, January.
    19. Gian Piero Aielli, 2013. "Dynamic Conditional Correlation: On Properties and Estimation," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 31(3), pages 282-299, July.
    20. Batten, Jonathan A. & Ciner, Cetin & Lucey, Brian M., 2010. "The macroeconomic determinants of volatility in precious metals markets," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 35(2), pages 65-71, June.
    21. Hammoudeh, Shawkat & Araújo Santos, Paulo & Al-Hassan, Abdullah, 2013. "Downside risk management and VaR-based optimal portfolios for precious metals, oil and stocks," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 25(C), pages 318-334.
    22. Mensi, Walid & Hammoudeh, Shawkat & Kang, Sang Hoon, 2015. "Precious metals, cereal, oil and stock market linkages and portfolio risk management: Evidence from Saudi Arabia," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 340-358.
    23. Al-Yahyaee, Khamis Hamed & Mensi, Walid & Maitra, Debasish & Al-Jarrah, Idries Mohammad Wanas, 2019. "Portfolio management and dependencies among precious metal markets: Evidence from a Copula quantile-on-quantile approach," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 64(C).
    24. Zhang, Zijing & Zhang, Hong-Kun, 2016. "The dynamics of precious metal markets VaR: A GARCHEVT approach," Journal of Commodity Markets, Elsevier, vol. 4(1), pages 14-27.
    25. Bhatia, Vaneet & Das, Debojyoti & Tiwari, Aviral Kumar & Shahbaz, Muhammad & Hasim, Haslifah M., 2018. "Do precious metal spot prices influence each other? Evidence from a nonparametric causality-in-quantiles approach," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 244-252.
    26. Brian M. Lucey & Sile Li, 2015. "What precious metals act as safe havens, and when? Some US evidence," Applied Economics Letters, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 22(1), pages 35-45, January.
    27. Bhatia, Vaneet & Das, Debojyoti & Kumar, Surya Bhushan, 2020. "Hedging effectiveness of precious metals across frequencies: Evidence from Wavelet based Dynamic Conditional Correlation analysis," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 541(C).
    28. Huang, Darien & Kilic, Mete, 2019. "Gold, platinum, and expected stock returns," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 132(3), pages 50-75.
    29. Korobilis, D & Yilmaz, K, 2018. "Measuring Dynamic Connectedness with Large Bayesian VAR Models," Essex Finance Centre Working Papers 20937, University of Essex, Essex Business School.
    30. Yuan-Hung Hsu Ku & Ho-Chyuan Chen & Kuang-Hua Chen, 2007. "On the application of the dynamic conditional correlation model in estimating optimal time-varying hedge ratios," Applied Economics Letters, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 14(7), pages 503-509.
    31. Diebold, Francis X. & Yilmaz, Kamil, 2015. "Financial and Macroeconomic Connectedness: A Network Approach to Measurement and Monitoring," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780199338306.
    32. Mensi, Walid & Al-Yahyaee, Khamis Hamed & Hoon Kang, Sang, 2017. "Time-varying volatility spillovers between stock and precious metal markets with portfolio implications," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 88-102.
    33. Luc Bauwens & Sébastien Laurent & Jeroen V. K. Rombouts, 2006. "Multivariate GARCH models: a survey," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 21(1), pages 79-109, January.
    34. Antonakakis, Nikolaos & Gabauer, David, 2017. "Refined Measures of Dynamic Connectedness based on TVP-VAR," MPRA Paper 78282, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    35. Vigne, Samuel A. & Lucey, Brian M. & O’Connor, Fergal A. & Yarovaya, Larisa, 2017. "The financial economics of white precious metals — A survey," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 292-308.
    36. Husain, Shaiara & Tiwari, Aviral Kumar & Sohag, Kazi & Shahbaz, Muhammad, 2019. "Connectedness among crude oil prices, stock index and metal prices: An application of network approach in the USA," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 57-65.
    37. Kroner, Kenneth F. & Sultan, Jahangir, 1993. "Time-Varying Distributions and Dynamic Hedging with Foreign Currency Futures," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 28(4), pages 535-551, December.
    38. Reboredo, Juan C. & Ugolini, Andrea, 2015. "Downside/upside price spillovers between precious metals: A vine copula approach," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 34(C), pages 84-102.
    39. Morales, Lucía & Andreosso-O'Callaghan, Bernadette, 2011. "Comparative analysis on the effects of the Asian and global financial crises on precious metal markets," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 25(2), pages 203-227, June.
    40. Li, Sile & Lucey, Brian M., 2017. "Reassessing the role of precious metals as safe havens–What colour is your haven and why?," Journal of Commodity Markets, Elsevier, vol. 7(C), pages 1-14.
    41. Engle, Robert, 2002. "Dynamic Conditional Correlation: A Simple Class of Multivariate Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity Models," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, American Statistical Association, vol. 20(3), pages 339-350, July.
    42. He, Kaijian & Liu, Youjin & Yu, Lean & Lai, Kin Keung, 2016. "Multiscale dependence analysis and portfolio risk modeling for precious metal markets," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 224-233.
    43. Wang, Xinya & Liu, Huifang & Huang, Shupei & Lucey, Brian, 2019. "Identifying the multiscale financial contagion in precious metal markets," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 209-219.
    44. Nikolaos Antonakakis & Ioannis Chatziantoniou & David Gabauer, 2020. "Refined Measures of Dynamic Connectedness based on Time-Varying Parameter Vector Autoregressions," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-23, April.
    45. Philippe Artzner & Freddy Delbaen & Jean‐Marc Eber & David Heath, 1999. "Coherent Measures of Risk," Mathematical Finance, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 9(3), pages 203-228, July.
    46. Al-Yahyaee, Khamis Hamed & Mensi, Walid & Sensoy, Ahmet & Kang, Sang Hoon, 2019. "Energy, precious metals, and GCC stock markets: Is there any risk spillover?," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 56(C), pages 45-70.
    47. Peng, Xiaofan, 2020. "Do precious metals act as hedges or safe havens for China's financial markets?," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 37(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Kang, Sang Hoon & McIver, Ron & Yoon, Seong-Min, 2017. "Dynamic spillover effects among crude oil, precious metal, and agricultural commodity futures markets," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 19-32.
    2. Al-Yahyaee, Khamis Hamed & Mensi, Walid & Maitra, Debasish & Al-Jarrah, Idries Mohammad Wanas, 2019. "Portfolio management and dependencies among precious metal markets: Evidence from a Copula quantile-on-quantile approach," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 64(C).
    3. Nekhili, Ramzi & Sultan, Jahangir & Mensi, Walid, 2021. "Co-movements among precious metals and implications for portfolio management: A multivariate wavelet-based dynamic analysis," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C).
    4. Mensi, Walid & Al-Yahyaee, Khamis Hamed & Hoon Kang, Sang, 2017. "Time-varying volatility spillovers between stock and precious metal markets with portfolio implications," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 88-102.
    5. Mensi, Walid & Aslan, Aylin & Vo, Xuan Vinh & Kang, Sang Hoon, 2023. "Time-frequency spillovers and connectedness between precious metals, oil futures and financial markets: Hedge and safe haven implications," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 83(C), pages 219-232.
    6. McIver, Ron P. & Kang, Sang Hoon, 2020. "Financial crises and the dynamics of the spillovers between the U.S. and BRICS stock markets," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 54(C).
    7. Yousaf, Imran & Jareño, Francisco & Tolentino, Marta, 2023. "Connectedness between Defi assets and equity markets during COVID-19: A sector analysis," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 187(C).
    8. Antonakakis, Nikolaos & Kizys, Renatas, 2015. "Dynamic spillovers between commodity and currency markets," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 303-319.
    9. Chatziantoniou, Ioannis & Gabauer, David & Stenfors, Alexis, 2020. "From CIP-deviations to a market for risk premia: A dynamic investigation of cross-currency basis swaps," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 69(C).
    10. Balcilar, Mehmet & Gabauer, David & Umar, Zaghum, 2021. "Crude Oil futures contracts and commodity markets: New evidence from a TVP-VAR extended joint connectedness approach," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 73(C).
    11. Shah, Adil Ahmad & Paul, Manas & Bhanja, Niyati & Dar, Arif Billah, 2021. "Dynamics of connectedness across crude oil, precious metals and exchange rate: Evidence from time and frequency domains," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 73(C).
    12. Muneer Shaik & Mohd Ziaur Rehman, 2023. "The Dynamic Volatility Connectedness of Major Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) Stock Indices: Evidence Based on DCC-GARCH Model," Asia-Pacific Financial Markets, Springer;Japanese Association of Financial Economics and Engineering, vol. 30(1), pages 231-246, March.
    13. Feng, Huiqun & Zhang, Jun & Guo, Na, 2023. "Time-varying linkages between energy and stock markets: Dynamic spillovers and driving factors," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 89(C).
    14. M. Raddant & T. Di Matteo, 2023. "A look at financial dependencies by means of econophysics and financial economics," Journal of Economic Interaction and Coordination, Springer;Society for Economic Science with Heterogeneous Interacting Agents, vol. 18(4), pages 701-734, October.
    15. Mensi, Walid & Hernandez, Jose Arroeola & Yoon, Seong-Min & Vo, Xuan Vinh & Kang, Sang Hoon, 2021. "Spillovers and connectedness between major precious metals and major currency markets: The role of frequency factor," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 74(C).
    16. Mokni, Khaled & Al-Shboul, Mohammed & Assaf, Ata, 2021. "Economic policy uncertainty and dynamic spillover among precious metals under market conditions: Does COVID-19 have any effects?," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C).
    17. Chatziantoniou, Ioannis & Gabauer, David, 2021. "EMU risk-synchronisation and financial fragility through the prism of dynamic connectedness," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 79(C), pages 1-14.
    18. Mokni, Khaled & Hammoudeh, Shawkat & Ajmi, Ahdi Noomen & Youssef, Manel, 2020. "Does economic policy uncertainty drive the dynamic connectedness between oil price shocks and gold price?," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 69(C).
    19. Chen, Jinyu & Huang, Yuxin & Ren, Xiaohang & Qu, Jingxiao, 2022. "Time-varying spillovers between trade policy uncertainty and precious metal markets: Evidence from China-US trade conflict," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 76(C).
    20. Arı, Yakup, 2022. "USD/TRY and foreign banks in Turkey: Evidence by TVP-VAR," Applied Econometrics, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA), vol. 67, pages 5-26.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:taf:applec:v:54:y:2022:i:20:p:2320-2342. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Chris Longhurst (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.tandfonline.com/RAEC20 .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.