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Business confidence and stock returns in the USA: a time-varying Markov regime-switching model

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  • Emrah İ. Çevik
  • Turhan Korkmaz
  • Erdal Atukeren

Abstract

This article presents evidence in favour of time-varying Markov regime-Switching (MS) properties in all shares stock returns in the USA. The model specifications include the US Institute for Supply Management's (ISM) manufacturing and Nonmanufacturing Business Activity Index (NMBAI) in the transition equations. We find that the developments in the ISM manufacturing index affect the regime-switching probabilities in both bull and bear stock market periods. The business activity in nonmanufacturing sectors, on the other hand, has a bearing only on bull market periods. We also test for the possibility of a common factor influencing both stock returns and business confidence in the manufacturing sector by estimating a time-varying MS model with the US industrial production in the transition equation. We find that the null hypothesis of a fixed transition probability MS model cannot be rejected when the US industrial production index is included in the transition equation of a time-varying MS model. We conclude that the information content in the ISM manufacturing confidence index, such as expectational shifts, has a separate influence on the stock market regimes over and above that of actual developments in industrial production.

Suggested Citation

  • Emrah İ. Çevik & Turhan Korkmaz & Erdal Atukeren, 2012. "Business confidence and stock returns in the USA: a time-varying Markov regime-switching model," Applied Financial Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 22(4), pages 299-312, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:apfiec:v:22:y:2012:i:4:p:299-312
    DOI: 10.1080/09603107.2011.610742
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    4. Radoslaw Sobko & Maria Klonowska-Matynia, 2021. "The Relationship between the Purchasing Managers’ Index (PMI) and Economic Growth: The Case for Poland," European Research Studies Journal, European Research Studies Journal, vol. 0(Special 1), pages 198-219.
    5. David R Gallagher & Peter A Gardner & Camille H Schmidt, 2015. "Style factor timing: An application to the portfolio holdings of US fund managers," Australian Journal of Management, Australian School of Business, vol. 40(2), pages 318-350, May.
    6. Chai, Jian & Xing, Li-Min & Zhou, Xiao-Yang & Zhang, Zhe George & Li, Jie-Xun, 2018. "Forecasting the WTI crude oil price by a hybrid-refined method," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 114-127.
    7. Hao-Chang Yang & Ferry Syarifuddin & Chun-Ping Chang & Hai-Jie Wang, 2022. "The Impact of Exchange Rate Futures Fluctuations on Macroeconomy: Evidence from Ten Trading Market," Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 58(8), pages 2300-2313, June.
    8. Yingli Wang & Xiaoguang Yang, 2018. "Asymmetric response to PMI announcements in China's stock returns," Papers 1806.04347, arXiv.org.

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