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An Integrated Approach for Targeting Critical Source Areas to Control Nonpoint Source Pollution in Watersheds

Author

Listed:
  • Subhasis Giri

    (University Heights)

  • Zeyuan Qiu

    (University Heights)

  • Tony Prato

    (University of Missouri-Columbia)

  • Biliang Luo

    (Huanan Agricultural University)

Abstract

This study presents an integrated approach for targeting critical source areas (CSAs) to control nonpoint source pollution in watersheds. CSAs are the intersections between hydrologically sensitive areas (HSAs) and high pollution producing areas of watersheds. HSAs are the areas with high hydrological sensitivity and potential for generating runoff. They were based on a soil topographic index in consistence of a saturation excess runoff process. High pollution producing areas are the areas that have a high potential for generating pollutants. Such areas were based on simulated pollution loads to streams by the Soil and Water Assessment Tool. The integrated approach is applied to the Neshanic River watershed, a suburban watershed with mixed land uses in New Jersey in the U.S. Results show that several land uses result in water pollution: agricultural land causes sediment, nitrogen and phosphorus pollution; wetlands cause sediment and phosphorus pollution; and urban lands cause nitrogen and phosphorus pollution. The primary CSAs are agricultural lands for all three pollutants, urban lands for nitrogen and phosphorus, and wetlands for sediment and phosphorus. Some pollution producing areas were not classified into CSAs because they are not located in HSAs and the pollutants generated in those areas are less likely to be transported by runoff into streams. The integrated approach identifies CSAs at a very fine scale, which is useful for targeting the implementation of best management practices for water quality improvement, and can be applied broadly in different watersheds to improve the economic efficiency of controlling nonpoint source pollution.

Suggested Citation

  • Subhasis Giri & Zeyuan Qiu & Tony Prato & Biliang Luo, 2016. "An Integrated Approach for Targeting Critical Source Areas to Control Nonpoint Source Pollution in Watersheds," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 30(14), pages 5087-5100, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:waterr:v:30:y:2016:i:14:d:10.1007_s11269-016-1470-z
    DOI: 10.1007/s11269-016-1470-z
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Sanjeet Kumar & Ashok Mishra, 2015. "Critical Erosion Area Identification Based on Hydrological Response Unit Level for Effective Sedimentation Control in a River Basin," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 29(6), pages 1749-1765, April.
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    5. Shen, Zhenyao & Hong, Qian & Chu, Zheng & Gong, Yongwei, 2011. "A framework for priority non-point source area identification and load estimation integrated with APPI and PLOAD model in Fujiang Watershed, China," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 98(6), pages 977-989, April.
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    3. Xiaoyan Gong & Jianmin Bian & Yu Wang & Zhuo Jia & Hanli Wan, 2019. "Evaluating and Predicting the Effects of Land Use Changes on Water Quality Using SWAT and CA–Markov Models," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 33(14), pages 4923-4938, November.
    4. Willemen, Louise & Crossman, Neville D. & Newsom, Deanna & Hughell, David & Hunink, Johannes E. & Milder, Jeffrey C., 2019. "Aggregate effects on ecosystem services from certification of tea farming in the Upper Tana River basin, Kenya," Ecosystem Services, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 1-1.
    5. Cors Van den Brink & Willem Jan Zaadnoordijk & Bert Groenhof & Rini Bulterman & Carolien Steinweg, 2017. "REFLECT, a Decision Support System for Harmonizing Spatial Developments with Groundwater Resources," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 31(4), pages 1271-1281, March.

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