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Estimation of Sediment Yield and Areas of Soil Erosion and Deposition for Watershed Prioritization using GIS and Remote Sensing

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  • Manoj Jain
  • Debjyoti Das

Abstract

A Geographical Information System (GIS) based method is proposed and demonstrated for the identification of sediment source and sink areas and the prediction of sediment yield from watersheds. Data from the Haharo sub-catchment having an area of 565 km 2 in the Upper Damodar Valley in Jharkhand State in India was taken up for the present study due to availability of gauged data at multiple locations within watershed area. The watershed was discretized into hydrologically homogeneous grid cells to capture the watershed heterogeneity. The cells thus formed were then differentiated into cells of overland flow regions and cells of channel flow regions based on the magnitude of their flow accumulation areas. The gross soil erosion in each cell was calculated using the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE). The parameters of the USLE were evaluated using digital elevation model, soil and landuse information on cell basis. The concept of transport limited sediment delivery (TLSD) was formulated and used in ArcGIS for generating the transport capacity maps. An empirical relation is proposed and demonstrated for its usefulness for computation of land vegetation dependent transport capacity factor used in TLSD approach by linking it with normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) derived from satellite data. Using these maps, the gross soil erosion was routed to the watershed outlet using hydrological drainage paths, for derivation of transport capacity limited sediment outflow maps. These maps depict the amount of sediment rate from a particular grid in spatial domain and the pixel value of the outlet grid indicates the sediment yield at the outlet of the watershed. Up on testing, the proposed method simulated the annual sediment yield with less than ±40% error. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2010

Suggested Citation

  • Manoj Jain & Debjyoti Das, 2010. "Estimation of Sediment Yield and Areas of Soil Erosion and Deposition for Watershed Prioritization using GIS and Remote Sensing," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 24(10), pages 2091-2112, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:waterr:v:24:y:2010:i:10:p:2091-2112
    DOI: 10.1007/s11269-009-9540-0
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    1. J. Onyando & P. Kisoyan & M. Chemelil, 2005. "Estimation of Potential Soil Erosion for River Perkerra Catchment in Kenya," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 19(2), pages 133-143, April.
    2. Ashish Pandey & V. Chowdary & B. Mal, 2007. "Identification of critical erosion prone areas in the small agricultural watershed using USLE, GIS and remote sensing," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 21(4), pages 729-746, April.
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    1. Sumedh R. Kashiwar & Manik Chandra Kundu & Usha R. Dongarwar, 2022. "Soil erosion estimation of Bhandara region of Maharashtra, India, by integrated use of RUSLE, remote sensing, and GIS," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 110(2), pages 937-959, January.
    2. Vaibhav Garg & V. Jothiprakash, 2012. "Sediment Yield Assessment of a Large Basin using PSIAC Approach in GIS Environment," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 26(3), pages 799-840, February.
    3. L. Zhang & Ke Z. Bai & Man J. Wang & R. Karthikeyan, 2016. "Basin-scale spatial soil erosion variability: Pingshuo opencast mine site in Shanxi Province, Loess Plateau of China," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 80(2), pages 1213-1230, January.
    4. L. Zhang & Ke Bai & Man Wang & R. Karthikeyan, 2016. "Basin-scale spatial soil erosion variability: Pingshuo opencast mine site in Shanxi Province, Loess Plateau of China," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 80(2), pages 1213-1230, January.
    5. Paulo de Oliveira & Teodorico Sobrinho & Dulce Rodrigues & Elói Panachuki, 2011. "Erosion Risk Mapping Applied to Environmental Zoning," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 25(3), pages 1021-1036, February.
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    9. Demetris Zarris & Marianna Vlastara & Dionysia Panagoulia, 2011. "Sediment Delivery Assessment for a Transboundary Mediterranean Catchment: The Example of Nestos River Catchment," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 25(14), pages 3785-3803, November.
    10. Omid Rahmati & Ali Haghizadeh & Stefanos Stefanidis, 2016. "Assessing the Accuracy of GIS-Based Analytical Hierarchy Process for Watershed Prioritization; Gorganrood River Basin, Iran," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 30(3), pages 1131-1150, February.
    11. V. Chowdary & D. Chakraborthy & A. Jeyaram & Y. Murthy & J. Sharma & V. Dadhwal, 2013. "Multi-Criteria Decision Making Approach for Watershed Prioritization Using Analytic Hierarchy Process Technique and GIS," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 27(10), pages 3555-3571, August.
    12. Atul Kumar & Sunil Singh & Malay Pramanik & Shairy Chaudhary & Ashwani Kumar Maurya & Manoj Kumar, 2022. "Watershed prioritization for soil erosion mapping in the Lesser Himalayan Indian basin using PCA and WSA methods in conjunction with morphometric parameters and GIS-based approach," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 24(3), pages 3723-3761, March.
    13. Ching-Nuo Chen & Chih-Heng Tsai & Chang-Tai Tsai, 2011. "Simulation of Runoff and Suspended Sediment Transport Rate in a Basin with Multiple Watersheds," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 25(3), pages 793-816, February.
    14. Kamal Elbadaoui & Soukaina Mansour & Mustapha Ikirri & Kamal Abdelrahman & Tamer Abu-Alam & Mohamed Abioui, 2023. "Integrating Erosion Potential Model (EPM) and PAP/RAC Guidelines for Water Erosion Mapping and Detection of Vulnerable Areas in the Toudgha River Watershed of the Central High Atlas, Morocco," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-24, April.
    15. Zahra Ebrahimi Gatgash & Seyed Hamidreza Sadeghi, 2023. "Prioritization-based management of the watershed using health assessment analysis at sub-watershed scale," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 25(9), pages 9673-9702, September.
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