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Flood peak discharge and volume runoff envelope curves for 100-year return period for the arid region: Saudi Arabia

Author

Listed:
  • Saleh A. Sefry

    (Saudi Geological Survey)

  • Ahmed M. Youssef

    (Saudi Geological Survey
    Sohag University)

  • Emad Y. AbuAlfadael

    (Saudi Geological Survey)

  • Mazen M. AbuAbdullah

    (Saudi Geological Survey)

Abstract

The Saudi Geological Survey (SGS) conducted a flood hazard assessment study for the entire country. Detailed precipitation data until 2020 were collected, and flood discharges of 5216 basins ranging from small basins ( 10,000 km2) were calculated using a precipitation-based hydrological model with a return period of 100 years. This study aims to understand the relationships between peak flood discharges, volumes and catchment areas for the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and to extract flood peak discharge envelopes over a 100-year return period. The results show that an envelope for peak flow and flow volume versus catchment area is not suitable for all of Saudi Arabia, due to many uncertainties such as precipitation and geological variability. For this reason, the study area is divided into seven regions according to the main basin boundaries and different physiographic features. Seven envelopes are developed on the basis of different geological units and precipitation distributions in each hydrologic zone. They are also validated based on several studies that showed good agreement. These envelopes can help engineers and planners to predict peak flows and flow volumes for watersheds with great accuracy.

Suggested Citation

  • Saleh A. Sefry & Ahmed M. Youssef & Emad Y. AbuAlfadael & Mazen M. AbuAbdullah, 2023. "Flood peak discharge and volume runoff envelope curves for 100-year return period for the arid region: Saudi Arabia," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 115(2), pages 1439-1460, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:nathaz:v:115:y:2023:i:2:d:10.1007_s11069-022-05600-8
    DOI: 10.1007/s11069-022-05600-8
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Abdurazag Tammar & Shougi Suliman Abosuliman & Khan Rubayet Rahaman, 2020. "Social Capital and Disaster Resilience Nexus: A Study of Flash Flood Recovery in Jeddah City," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(11), pages 1-16, June.
    2. Sarah Pralle, 2019. "Drawing lines: FEMA and the politics of mapping flood zones," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 152(2), pages 227-237, January.
    3. Zhang, Junze & Yu, Zhongqi & Yu, Tengfei & Si, Jianhua & Feng, Qi & Cao, Shixiong, 2018. "Transforming flash floods into resources in arid China," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 746-753.
    4. Hatem A. Ewea & Nassir S. Al-Amri & Mohamed A. Dawoud & Amro M. Elfeki, 2018. "Developing models and envelope curves for extreme floods in the Saudi Arabia arid environment," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 94(2), pages 801-817, November.
    5. Amro Elfeki & Milad Masoud & Burhan Niyazi, 2017. "Integrated rainfall–runoff and flood inundation modeling for flash flood risk assessment under data scarcity in arid regions: Wadi Fatimah basin case study, Saudi Arabia," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 85(1), pages 87-109, January.
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