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High-Skilled vs. Low-Skilled Migrant Women: the Use of Competencies and Knowledge—Theoretical and Political Implications: an Example of the Elderly Care Sector in Poland

Author

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  • Sabina Kubiciel-Lodzińska

    (Opole University of Technology)

  • Jolanta Maj

    (Opole University of Technology)

Abstract

This paper presents the influx of migrants into the elderly care sector in Poland, which, until recently, has been perceived as a country that “exports” caregivers. It describes the results of 31 individual in-depth interviews conducted with immigrant women who take care of elderly in Poland. The purpose of the study was to determine the profile of an immigrant taking up work in the elderly care sector, including the specification of their education level and competencies. It was determined that 55% of the respondents have higher education, including over 20% with a degree in nursing or physiotherapeutic education. It was established that, when analysing migrants in the care sector, it seems necessary not to divide migrants based on their education level (high- vs. low-skilled), but rather to consider the education profile as a whole (general and special profile education). Women with specialised education differ from the other migrants in regard to their better labour market position (higher remuneration, legal employment) and the scope of skill usage. The comparison of high-skilled and low-skilled workers in the care sector is very useful from the perspective of policymakers due to the fact that there is an issue of over-qualification in Poland. The article contributes to the literature, especially research dealing with brain waste, as there is theoretical and empirical gap in research on the differences between high-skilled and low-skilled migrants working in elderly care.

Suggested Citation

  • Sabina Kubiciel-Lodzińska & Jolanta Maj, 2021. "High-Skilled vs. Low-Skilled Migrant Women: the Use of Competencies and Knowledge—Theoretical and Political Implications: an Example of the Elderly Care Sector in Poland," Journal of International Migration and Integration, Springer, vol. 22(4), pages 1551-1571, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:joimai:v:22:y:2021:i:4:d:10.1007_s12134-021-00813-5
    DOI: 10.1007/s12134-021-00813-5
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    2. Fabiola Ortega-de-Mora & Teresa Terrón-Caro, 2023. "Access to Labor Market and Integration of Moroccan Women in Andalusia: The Two Sides of the Coin," Social Sciences, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-18, September.
    3. Wanda Musialik & Krzysztof Malik & Piotr Bebenek & Krzysztof Kowalik, 2021. "Economic Consequences of Student’s Views on Cultural Heritage Goods," European Research Studies Journal, European Research Studies Journal, vol. 0(3), pages 763-773.
    4. Paweł Churski & Hanna Kroczak & Marta Łuczak & Olena Shelest-Szumilas & Marcin Woźniak, 2021. "Adaptation Strategies of Migrant Workers from Ukraine during the COVID-19 Pandemic," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-24, July.

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