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Life Satisfaction and the Self: Structure, Content, and Function

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  • Warren Reich
  • Ellen Kessel
  • Frank Bernieri

Abstract

Seventy-nine participants rated their involvement and satisfaction with time spent in each of 14 roles (e.g., me as a student), as well as overall life satisfaction. They also described themselves in each of these roles, as well as five general self-conceptions (e.g., ideal self), by repeatedly selecting from a list of traits. Each participant’s set of self descriptions was idiographically modeled using hierarchical classes analysis, from which three indices were coded: trait overlap between actual, usual, ideal, ought, and future selves (self-ideal congruence), trait overlap between each of the 14 roles and actual and usual selves (self-role congruence), and dispersion of negative traits across self-aspects (negative elaboration). Within-person correlations were computed as a measure of satisfaction with time spent in self-congruent roles (TSR). Self-ideal congruence, negative elaboration, and TSR each independently accounted for variance in life satisfaction. For all 14 roles, self-role congruence was correlated with involvement in the target role. Self-ideal congruence and negative elaboration were not highly correlated with role involvement, and self-role congruence was not a robust predictor of life satisfaction. Role-based self-aspects might contribute to life satisfaction to the extent they are enacted according to one’s wishes and are congruent with the more general, actual self. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2013

Suggested Citation

  • Warren Reich & Ellen Kessel & Frank Bernieri, 2013. "Life Satisfaction and the Self: Structure, Content, and Function," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 14(1), pages 293-308, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:spr:jhappi:v:14:y:2013:i:1:p:293-308
    DOI: 10.1007/s10902-012-9332-8
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Paul Boeck & Seymour Rosenberg, 1988. "Hierarchical classes: Model and data analysis," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 53(3), pages 361-381, September.
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    1. Celeste Sangiorgio & Warren A. Reich & Andrea C. Vial & Mirko Savone, 2014. "Sexual Motivations and Ideals Distinguish Sexual Identities within the Self-Concept: A Multidimensional Scaling Analysis," Social Sciences, MDPI, vol. 3(2), pages 1-12, April.
    2. Mar Ortiz-Gómez & Antonio Ariza-Montes & Horacio Molina-Sánchez, 2020. "Servant Leadership in a Social Religious Organization: An Analysis of Work Engagement, Authenticity, and Spirituality at Work," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(22), pages 1-21, November.
    3. Kumar, Ajay & Paul, Justin & StarÄ ević, SlaÄ‘ana, 2021. "Do brands make consumers happy?- A masstige theory perspective," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 58(C).
    4. Yuri Kwon & Eunsoo Choi & Jongan Choi & Incheol Choi, 2019. "Discrepancy Regarding Self, Family, and Country and Well-Being: The Critical Role of Self and Cultural Orientation," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 20(7), pages 2189-2209, October.

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