IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/spr/endesu/v25y2023i4d10.1007_s10668-022-02197-7.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Hybrid cooling-based lithium-ion battery thermal management for electric vehicles

Author

Listed:
  • Lalan K. Singh

    (Indian Institute of Technology Patna)

  • Anoop K. Gupta

    (Indian Institute of Technology Patna)

Abstract

The use of rechargeable lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles is one among the most appealing and viable option for storing electrochemical energy to conciliate global energy challenges due to rising carbon emissions. However, a cost effective, efficient and compact cooling technique is needed to avoid excessive temperature build up during discharging of these batteries to maintain its performance and longevity. In this work, phase change material (PCM)-based hybrid cooling system is proposed for the battery thermal management system consisting of 25 commercial Sony-18650 cells arranged in a cubical battery pack. Air was chosen as an active cooling agent and PCM as a passive cooling agent. The coupling between the 1D electrochemical model and the 2D thermal-fluid model was developed using COMSOL Multiphysics solver for the discharging cycle of the cells. The combined effects of different air inflow velocities (U0 = 0–0.1 m/s) and PCM layer thickness over the cells (t = 0–3 mm) have been delineated at various discharge rates (1C, 3C and 5C). Extensive results have been reported in terms of discharge curve, temperature fields, average and maximum cell temperature and PCM melt fraction. Obviously, an increasing airflow is seen to lower the temperature of the cells up to ~ 25 K. In addition, the presence of a thin PCM layer over the cells shows a remarkable improvement in heat removal due to the latent heat energy storage in the melted (charged) PCM. However, beyond a certain thickness of PCM layer, the heat removal efficiency becomes constant. Lastly, comparing the thermal performance predictions by the three different cell spacing of 24 mm, 28 mm and 32 mm, we observed that an increased cell spacing shows a better heat removal only in the absence of any PCM layer on the cells.

Suggested Citation

  • Lalan K. Singh & Anoop K. Gupta, 2023. "Hybrid cooling-based lithium-ion battery thermal management for electric vehicles," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 25(4), pages 3627-3648, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:endesu:v:25:y:2023:i:4:d:10.1007_s10668-022-02197-7
    DOI: 10.1007/s10668-022-02197-7
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10668-022-02197-7
    File Function: Abstract
    Download Restriction: Access to the full text of the articles in this series is restricted.
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1007/s10668-022-02197-7?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Jilte, Ravindra & Afzal, Asif & Panchal, Satyam, 2021. "A novel battery thermal management system using nano-enhanced phase change materials," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 219(C).
    2. Safdari, Mojtaba & Ahmadi, Rouhollah & Sadeghzadeh, Sadegh, 2020. "Numerical investigation on PCM encapsulation shape used in the passive-active battery thermal management," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 193(C).
    3. Zhao, Rui & Gu, Junjie & Liu, Jie, 2017. "Optimization of a phase change material based internal cooling system for cylindrical Li-ion battery pack and a hybrid cooling design," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 135(C), pages 811-822.
    4. Wang, Tao & Tseng, K.J. & Zhao, Jiyun & Wei, Zhongbao, 2014. "Thermal investigation of lithium-ion battery module with different cell arrangement structures and forced air-cooling strategies," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 134(C), pages 229-238.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Zha, Yunfei & Meng, Xianfeng & Qin, Shuaishuai & Hou, Nairen & He, Shunquan & Huang, Caiyuan & Zuo, Hongyan & Zhao, Xiaohuan, 2023. "Performance evaluation with orthogonal experiment method of drop contact heat dissipation effects on electric vehicle lithium-ion battery," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 271(C).
    2. Guo, Zengjia & Xu, Qidong & Wang, Yang & Zhao, Tianshou & Ni, Meng, 2023. "Battery thermal management system with heat pipe considering battery aging effect," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PE).
    3. Fan, Zhaohui & Gao, Renjing & Liu, Shutian, 2022. "Thermal conductivity enhancement and thermal saturation elimination designs of battery thermal management system for phase change materials based on triply periodic minimal surface," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 259(C).
    4. Shen, Zu-Guo & Chen, Shuai & Liu, Xun & Chen, Ben, 2021. "A review on thermal management performance enhancement of phase change materials for vehicle lithium-ion batteries," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 148(C).
    5. Wu, Nan & Ye, Xiaolin & Li, Junjie & Lin, Boshen & Zhou, Xuelong & Yu, Bin, 2021. "Passive thermal management systems employing hydrogel for the large-format lithium-ion cell: A systematic study," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 231(C).
    6. Ziming Xu & Jun Xu & Zhechen Guo & Haitao Wang & Zheng Sun & Xuesong Mei, 2022. "Design and Optimization of a Novel Microchannel Battery Thermal Management System Based on Digital Twin," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-20, February.
    7. Safdari, Mojtaba & Ahmadi, Rouhollah & Sadeghzadeh, Sadegh, 2022. "Numerical and experimental investigation on electric vehicles battery thermal management under New European Driving Cycle," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 315(C).
    8. Situ, Wenfu & Zhang, Guoqing & Li, Xinxi & Yang, Xiaoqing & Wei, Chao & Rao, Mumin & Wang, Ziyuan & Wang, Cong & Wu, Weixiong, 2017. "A thermal management system for rectangular LiFePO4 battery module using novel double copper mesh-enhanced phase change material plates," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 613-623.
    9. Wang, Huaibin & Wang, Shuyu & Feng, Xuning & Zhang, Xuan & Dai, Kangwei & Sheng, Jun & Zhao, Zhenyang & Du, Zhiming & Zhang, Zelin & Shen, Kai & Xu, Chengshan & Wang, Qinzheng & Sun, Xiaoyu & Li, Yanl, 2021. "An experimental study on the thermal characteristics of the Cell-To-Pack system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 227(C).
    10. Akinlabi, A.A. Hakeem & Solyali, Davut, 2020. "Configuration, design, and optimization of air-cooled battery thermal management system for electric vehicles: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 125(C).
    11. Weng, Jingwen & Xiao, Changren & Ouyang, Dongxu & Yang, Xiaoqing & Chen, Mingyi & Zhang, Guoqing & Yuen, Richard Kwok Kit & Wang, Jian, 2022. "Mitigation effects on thermal runaway propagation of structure-enhanced phase change material modules with flame retardant additives," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(PC).
    12. Mohammed, Abubakar Gambo & Elfeky, Karem Elsayed & Wang, Qiuwang, 2022. "Recent advancement and enhanced battery performance using phase change materials based hybrid battery thermal management for electric vehicles," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 154(C).
    13. Jiang, Z.Y. & Qu, Z.G., 2019. "Lithium–ion battery thermal management using heat pipe and phase change material during discharge–charge cycle: A comprehensive numerical study," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 242(C), pages 378-392.
    14. Liu, Jiahao & Fan, Yining & Wang, Jinhui & Tao, Changfa & Chen, Mingyi, 2022. "A model-scale experimental and theoretical study on a mineral oil-immersed battery cooling system," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 201(P1), pages 712-723.
    15. Elsewify, O. & Souri, M. & Esfahani, M.N. & Hosseinzadeh, E. & Jabbari, M., 2021. "A new method for internal cooling of a large format lithium-ion battery pouch cell," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 225(C).
    16. Zhou, Zhizuan & Wang, Dong & Peng, Yang & Li, Maoyu & Wang, Boxuan & Cao, Bei & Yang, Lizhong, 2022. "Experimental study on the thermal management performance of phase change material module for the large format prismatic lithium-ion battery," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(PC).
    17. Kim, Kyunghyun & Choi, Jung-Il, 2023. "Effect of cell-to-cell variation and module configuration on the performance of lithium-ion battery systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 352(C).
    18. Chen, Kai & Song, Mengxuan & Wei, Wei & Wang, Shuangfeng, 2018. "Structure optimization of parallel air-cooled battery thermal management system with U-type flow for cooling efficiency improvement," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 145(C), pages 603-613.
    19. Chuanwei Zhang & Zhan Xia & Huaibin Gao & Jianping Wen & Shangrui Chen & Meng Dang & Sujing Gu & Jianing Zhang, 2020. "A Coolant Circulation Cooling System Combining Aluminum Plates and Copper Rods for Li-Ion Battery Pack," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(17), pages 1-14, August.
    20. Jilte, Ravindra & Afzal, Asif & Panchal, Satyam, 2021. "A novel battery thermal management system using nano-enhanced phase change materials," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 219(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:spr:endesu:v:25:y:2023:i:4:d:10.1007_s10668-022-02197-7. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.springer.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.