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What is the critical mass of help? A potential resolution to a paradox on citizenship and organizational performance

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  • Christopher R. Dishop

    (Michigan State University)

  • Richard P. DeShon

    (Michigan State University)

Abstract

Prior explanations for the observed result that employee cooperation demonstrates both positive and negative relationships with organizational performance often require psychological reactions or cognitions. We use an agent-based model to assume away these effects and demonstrate a possible alternative relying on just three, simple features. These include (1) limits to an employee’s ability to help a colleague while also performing his or her own task, (2) the distribution of performance across the collective, and (3) the method of aggregating individual to organizational performance. Our model offers an alternative explanation to an empirical result, simple and sufficient conditions for producing a phenomenon, implications for theory on the nature of employee helping, and practical advice to evaluate the merits of helping interventions.

Suggested Citation

  • Christopher R. Dishop & Richard P. DeShon, 2021. "What is the critical mass of help? A potential resolution to a paradox on citizenship and organizational performance," Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory, Springer, vol. 27(1), pages 93-107, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:comaot:v:27:y:2021:i:1:d:10.1007_s10588-020-09318-5
    DOI: 10.1007/s10588-020-09318-5
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Xiao-Ping Chen & Simon S. K. Lam & Stefanie E. Naumann & John Schaubroeck, 2005. "Group Citizenship Behaviour: Conceptualization and Preliminary Tests of its Antecedents and Consequences," Management and Organization Review, International Association of Chinese Management Research, vol. 1(2), pages 273-300, July.
    2. Carpenter, Jeffrey & Bowles, Samuel & Gintis, Herbert & Hwang, Sung-Ha, 2009. "Strong reciprocity and team production: Theory and evidence," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 71(2), pages 221-232, August.
    3. Chen, Xiao-Ping & Lam, Simon S. K. & Naumann, Stefanie E. & Schaubroeck, John, 2005. "Group Citizenship Behaviour Conceptualization and Preliminary Tests of its Antecedents and Consequences," Management and Organization Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 1(2), pages 273-300, July.
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