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Changes in weather and climate extremes: phenomenology and empirical approaches

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  • János Mika

Abstract

The terms “weather extremes” and “climate extremes” are widely used in meteorology, often in relation to climate change. This paper reviews the empirical investigations into parallel changes in extreme events and climate change published in recent years and looks at their relevance for the global energy system. Empirical investigation into the correlation of extremes with global warming covers five groups: changes in temperature, precipitation, wind (storm) extremes, tropical and extra-tropical circulation phenomena. For temperature extremes, extensive analyses demonstrate that extreme hot days and nights will likely become more frequent, and extreme cold days and nights less frequent. Intense precipitation events will likely become more frequent in most continental regions. Scientific confidence in the trends of the frequency, duration, and intensity of tropical cyclones, is still low. A poleward shift is observed for extratropical cyclones, whereas no convincing tendencies of many smaller-scale phenomena, for example, tornados, or hail, can yet be detected. All these extremes have serious implications for the energy sector. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2013

Suggested Citation

  • János Mika, 2013. "Changes in weather and climate extremes: phenomenology and empirical approaches," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 121(1), pages 15-26, November.
  • Handle: RePEc:spr:climat:v:121:y:2013:i:1:p:15-26
    DOI: 10.1007/s10584-013-0914-1
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Seung-Ki Min & Xuebin Zhang & Francis W. Zwiers & Gabriele C. Hegerl, 2011. "Human contribution to more-intense precipitation extremes," Nature, Nature, vol. 470(7334), pages 378-381, February.
    2. Markku Rummukainen, 2013. "Climate change: changing means and changing extremes," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 121(1), pages 3-13, November.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Matcharashvili, Teimuraz & Zhukova, Natalia & Chelidze, Tamaz & Founda, Dimitra & Gerasopoulos, Evangelos, 2017. "Analysis of long-term variation of the annual number of warmer and colder days using Mahalanobis distance metrics — A case study for Athens," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 487(C), pages 22-31.

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