IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/sae/sagope/v13y2023i4p21582440231210428.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

R&D Investment, Executive Incentive, and Financial Performance in GEM: Based on Three-Stage Least Squares Method

Author

Listed:
  • Luxing Liu
  • Keyu Lei
  • Hong Jin
  • Yin-Pei Teng

Abstract

China’s GEM (Growth Enterprise Market, also named as ChiNext stock market) enterprises are mainly small and medium-sized enterprises in the start-up stage, which have high-speed growth. This work uses three-stage least squares (3SLS) based on combines system equation to study the impact of technological innovation investment, executive incentive, and enterprise financial performance. The results show that in China’s GEM enterprises, R&D in the current period positively affects financial performance in 1% significance level. R&D of the lag period has a significant negative impact on the financial performance of the current period. Conversely, the financial performance of the current period has a significant negative impact on R&D. While both salary incentive and equity incentive will improve financial performance, executives seem to value short-term interests MORE. Executive equity incentive has a significant negative moderating effect ownership due to ownership structure in GEM is needed to strengthen the control right. This work proposes a new research horizon in GEM in China, and can help the GEM design an effective management mechanism to improve the financial performance of the enterprise.

Suggested Citation

  • Luxing Liu & Keyu Lei & Hong Jin & Yin-Pei Teng, 2023. "R&D Investment, Executive Incentive, and Financial Performance in GEM: Based on Three-Stage Least Squares Method," SAGE Open, , vol. 13(4), pages 21582440231, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:sagope:v:13:y:2023:i:4:p:21582440231210428
    DOI: 10.1177/21582440231210428
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/21582440231210428
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1177/21582440231210428?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Tchistyi, Alexei & Yermack, David & Yun, Hayong, 2011. "Negative Hedging: Performance-Sensitive Debt and CEOs’ Equity Incentives," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 46(3), pages 657-686, June.
    2. Jennifer Hunt & Marjolaine Gauthier-Loiselle, 2010. "How Much Does Immigration Boost Innovation?," American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics, American Economic Association, vol. 2(2), pages 31-56, April.
    3. Frank Crowley & Jane Bourke, 2018. "The Influence Of The Manager On Firm Innovation In Emerging Economies," International Journal of Innovation Management (ijim), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 22(03), pages 1-21, April.
    4. Daron Acemoglu & Ufuk Akcigit & Harun Alp & Nicholas Bloom & William Kerr, 2018. "Innovation, Reallocation, and Growth," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 108(11), pages 3450-3491, November.
    5. Kim, Bongsun & Kim, Eonsoo & Miller, Douglas J. & Mahoney, Joseph T., 2016. "The impact of the timing of patents on innovation performance," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 45(4), pages 914-928.
    6. Santos, David Ferreira Lopes & Basso, Leonardo Fernando Cruz & Kimura, Herbert & Kayo, Eduardo Kazuo, 2014. "Innovation efforts and performances of Brazilian firms," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 67(4), pages 527-535.
    7. Jensen, Michael C. & Meckling, William H., 1976. "Theory of the firm: Managerial behavior, agency costs and ownership structure," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 3(4), pages 305-360, October.
    8. Mehran, Hamid, 1995. "Executive compensation structure, ownership, and firm performance," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 38(2), pages 163-184, June.
    9. Chan, Su Han & Martin, John D. & Kensinger, John W., 1990. "Corporate research and development expenditures and share value," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 26(2), pages 255-276, August.
    10. Barry L. Bayus & Gary Erickson & Robert Jacobson, 2003. "The Financial Rewards of New Product Introductions in the Personal Computer Industry," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 49(2), pages 197-210, February.
    11. Kato, Takao & Kim, Woochan & Lee, Ju Ho, 2007. "Executive compensation, firm performance, and Chaebols in Korea: Evidence from new panel data," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 15(1), pages 36-55, January.
    12. Bosetti, Valentina & Cattaneo, Cristina & Verdolini, Elena, 2015. "Migration of skilled workers and innovation: A European Perspective," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 96(2), pages 311-322.
    13. van Dun, Desirée H. & Hicks, Jeff N. & Wilderom, Celeste P.M., 2017. "Values and behaviors of effective lean managers: Mixed-methods exploratory research," European Management Journal, Elsevier, vol. 35(2), pages 174-186.
    14. Alessandra Faggian & Philip McCann, 2009. "Human capital, graduate migration and innovation in British regions," Cambridge Journal of Economics, Cambridge Political Economy Society, vol. 33(2), pages 317-333, March.
    15. Kuang-Hsun Shih, 2008. "Is e-banking a competitive weapon? A causal analysis," International Journal of Electronic Finance, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 2(2), pages 180-196.
    16. Yao, Shujie, 1997. "Profit Sharing, Bonus Payment, and Productivity: A Case Study of Chinese State-Owned Enterprises," Journal of Comparative Economics, Elsevier, vol. 24(3), pages 281-296, June.
    17. Bennett, Benjamin & Bettis, J. Carr & Gopalan, Radhakrishnan & Milbourn, Todd, 2017. "Compensation goals and firm performance," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 124(2), pages 307-330.
    18. John M. Abowd, 1990. "Does Performance-Based Managerial Compensation Affect Corporate Performance?," ILR Review, Cornell University, ILR School, vol. 43(3), pages 52, April.
    19. Hu, Yi & Dai, Tiantian & Li, Yong & Mallick, Sushanta & Ning, Lutao & Zhu, Baohua, 2021. "Underwriter reputation and IPO underpricing: The role of institutional investors in the Chinese growth enterprise market," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 78(C).
    20. Martin Holmén & Peng Wang, 2015. "Pyramid IPOs on the Chinese Growth Enterprise Market," Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 51(1), pages 160-173, January.
    21. Darush Yazdanfar & Peter Öhman, 2015. "Debt financing and firm performance: an empirical study based on Swedish data," Journal of Risk Finance, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 16(1), pages 102-118, January.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Xunan Feng & Anders C. Johansson, 2017. "CEO Incentives in Chinese State-Controlled Firms," Economic Development and Cultural Change, University of Chicago Press, vol. 65(2), pages 223-264.
    2. Yang, Gaoju & Wang, Fang & Huang, Xianhai & Chen, Hangyu, 2022. "Human capital inflow, firm innovation and patent mix," Journal of Asian Economics, Elsevier, vol. 79(C).
    3. Garner, Jacqueline L. & Kim, Won Yong, 2013. "Are foreign investors really beneficial? Evidence from South Korea," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 25(C), pages 62-84.
    4. Zeng, Yongliang & Zhao, Xiangfang & Zhu, Yiwen, 2023. "Equity incentives and ESG performance: Evidence from China," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 58(PC).
    5. Balsam, Steven & Miharjo, Setiyono, 2007. "The effect of equity compensation on voluntary executive turnover," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 43(1), pages 95-119, March.
    6. Gormley, Todd A. & Matsa, David A. & Milbourn, Todd, 2013. "CEO compensation and corporate risk: Evidence from a natural experiment," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 56(2), pages 79-101.
    7. Manika Kohli, 2018. "Impact of Ownership Type and Board Characteristics on the Pay–Performance Relationship: Evidence from India," Indian Journal of Corporate Governance, , vol. 11(1), pages 1-34, June.
    8. Kou, Zonglai & Tang, Yue & Wu, Hong & Zhou, Min, 2023. "Ownership, volatility, and equity incentives: Theory and evidence from listed companies in China," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 128(C).
    9. Sun, Sophia Li & Habib, Ahsan, 2020. "Determinants and consequences of tournament incentives: A survey of the literature in accounting and finance," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 54(C).
    10. Clement Olalekan Olaniyi & Olufemi Bodunde Obembe & Emmanuel Oluwole Oni, 2017. "Analysis of the Nexus between CEO Pay and Performance of Non-Financial Listed Firms in Nigeria," African Development Review, African Development Bank, vol. 29(3), pages 429-445, September.
    11. Jitamitra Behera & Akriti Jain & Ruchi Sharma, 2024. "The nexus between labour mobility and innovation: an empirical analysis," Economia e Politica Industriale: Journal of Industrial and Business Economics, Springer;Associazione Amici di Economia e Politica Industriale, vol. 51(3), pages 551-584, September.
    12. Massimiliano Bratti & Chiara Conti, 2014. "The Effect of (Mostly Unskilled) Immigration on the Innovation of Italian Regions," ERSA conference papers ersa14p485, European Regional Science Association.
    13. Zhi Li & Lingling Wang & Karen Wruck, 2020. "Accounting‐Based Compensation and Debt Contracts," Contemporary Accounting Research, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 37(3), pages 1475-1511, September.
    14. Sohail Ahmad Javeed & Lin Lefen, 2019. "An Analysis of Corporate Social Responsibility and Firm Performance with Moderating Effects of CEO Power and Ownership Structure: A Case Study of the Manufacturing Sector of Pakistan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-25, January.
    15. M. Hossain & S. Cahan & M. Adams, 2000. "The investment opportunity set and the voluntary use of outside directors: New Zealand evidence," Accounting and Business Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 30(4), pages 263-273.
    16. Roberto Mura, 2007. "Firm Performance: Do Non‐Executive Directors Have Minds of their Own? Evidence from UK Panel Data," Financial Management, Financial Management Association International, vol. 36(3), pages 81-112, September.
    17. repec:eee:labchp:v:3:y:1999:i:pb:p:2485-2563 is not listed on IDEAS
    18. Crown, Daniel & Faggian, Alessandra & Corcoran, Jonathan, 2020. "Foreign-Born graduates and innovation: Evidence from an Australian skilled visa program✰,✰✰,★,★★," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 49(9).
    19. Sang Cheol Lee & Mooweon Rhee & Jongchul Yoon, 2018. "Foreign Monitoring and Audit Quality: Evidence from Korea," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-22, September.
    20. Tiantian Gu & Anand Venkateswaran, 2018. "Firm-supplier relations and managerial compensation," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 51(3), pages 621-649, October.
    21. Bahar, Dany & Choudhury, Prithwiraj & Rapoport, Hillel, 2020. "Migrant inventors and the technological advantage of nations," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 49(9).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:sae:sagope:v:13:y:2023:i:4:p:21582440231210428. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: SAGE Publications (email available below). General contact details of provider: .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.