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Biotechnology Clusters as Regional, Sectoral Innovation Systems

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  • Philip Cooke

    (Centre for Advanced Studies, University of Wales, Cardiff, UK, cookepn@cardiff.ac.uk)

Abstract

Today, knowledge economies are a key asset for global competitiveness. Biotechnology is a knowledge-driven sector because it consists of knowledge working on knowledge to create value, decoding in genomics and proteomics being paradigmatic knowledge-based economic activity. Like many other new economy industries such as information and communications technology, new media, and advanced finance, firms cluster in proximity to knowledge sources. In the case of biotechnology, universities are key magnets. But to transfer science from the laboratory bench to the market involves complex, interactive chains of transactions among scientists, entrepreneurs, and various intermediaries. Chief among the latter are investors and lawyers. Proximity to such services and, in biotechnology, research hospitals for clinical trials creates an innovation system. This is best analyzed regionally and locally. This article anatomizes the functioning of regional sectoral innovation systems in Germany, Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Cambridge, U.K.

Suggested Citation

  • Philip Cooke, 2002. "Biotechnology Clusters as Regional, Sectoral Innovation Systems," International Regional Science Review, , vol. 25(1), pages 8-37, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:inrsre:v:25:y:2002:i:1:p:8-37
    DOI: 10.1177/016001760202500102
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    Cited by:

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    2. Matthias Kiese, 2010. "Policy Transfer and Institutional Learning: An Evolutionary Perspective on Regional Cluster Policies in Germany," Chapters, in: Dirk Fornahl & Sebastian Henn & Max-Peter Menzel (ed.), Emerging Clusters, chapter 13, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    3. Korber Manuela & Paier Manfred, 2014. "R&d networks and regional knowledge production: an agent-based simulation of the Austrian competence centres programme," Экономика региона, CyberLeninka;Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки «Институт экономики Уральского отделения Российской академии наук», issue 2, pages 264-275.
    4. Dirk Fornahl & Sebastian Henn & Max-Peter Menzel (ed.), 2010. "Emerging Clusters," Books, Edward Elgar Publishing, number 13533.
    5. Edward Nissan & George Carter, 2009. "Specialization of state sectoral employment," Journal of Economics and Finance, Springer;Academy of Economics and Finance, vol. 33(2), pages 148-160, April.
    6. Philip Cooke, 2009. "The Economic Geography Of Knowledge Flow Hierarchies Among Internationally Networked Medical Bioclusters: A Scientometric Analysis," Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie, Royal Dutch Geographical Society KNAG, vol. 100(3), pages 332-347, July.
    7. Sharmistha Bagchi-Sen & Helen Lawton Smith, 2014. "Firm Heterogeneity in Biotech: Absorptive Capacity, Strategies and Local-Regional Connections," European Planning Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 22(9), pages 1783-1801, September.
    8. Rammer, Christian & Kinne, Jan & Blind, Knut, 2016. "Microgeography of innovation in the city: Location patterns of innovative firms in Berlin," ZEW Discussion Papers 16-080, ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research.
    9. Su, Yu-Shan & Wu, Feng-Shang, 2015. "Regional systems of biotechnology innovation — The case of Taiwan," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 100(C), pages 96-106.
    10. Breznitz, Shiri M. & Tahvanainen, Antti-Jussi, 2010. "Cluster Sustainability in Peripheral Regions: A case study on Israel's and Finland's biotechnology industries," Discussion Papers 1212, The Research Institute of the Finnish Economy.
    11. Harmeling, Susan, 2011. "Contingency as an entrepreneurial resource: How private obsession fulfills public need," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 26(3), pages 293-305, May.
    12. Julia Hoffmann & Stefan Hirsch & Johannes Simons, 2017. "Identification of spatial agglomerations in the German food processing industry," Papers in Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 96(1), pages 139-162, March.
    13. Amado Villarreal González & Saidi Magaly Flores Sánchez & Miguel A. Flores Segovia, 2016. "Patrones de co-localización espacial de la industria aeroespacial en México," Estudios Económicos, El Colegio de México, Centro de Estudios Económicos, vol. 31(1), pages 169-211.
    14. Tomasz Brodzicki, 2017. "Internationalisation and Innovation Intensities of Polish Manufacturing Firms: A Close Nexus?," Entrepreneurial Business and Economics Review, Centre for Strategic and International Entrepreneurship at the Cracow University of Economics., vol. 5(1), pages 91-109.
    15. Igone Porto & Jose Ramón Otegi, 2014. "ROSIS: A Regional Open Sectoral Innovation System," ERSA conference papers ersa14p389, European Regional Science Association.
    16. Tomasz Brodzicki, 2016. "Innovation intensity as a driver of firm’s internationalization intensity: evidence for Poland," Ekonomia journal, Faculty of Economic Sciences, University of Warsaw, vol. 46.
    17. Breandán Ó hUallacháin, 2011. "Does inventive intensity affect urban prosperity?," Regional Science Policy & Practice, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 3(4), pages 401-420, November.

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