IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/prs/ecoprv/ecop_0249-4744_1994_num_116_5_5700.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Formation sur le tas et rendements de l'expérience : un modèle de diffusion du savoir

Author

Listed:
  • Louis Lévy-Garboua

Abstract

[spa] Formación adquirida en el terreno y rendimientos de la experiencia: un modelo de difusión del saber, . por Louis Lévy-Garboua.. . Se hace destacar que las funciones de ganancias mincerianas no derivan de un proceso de optimización y que la interpretación de los hechos se apoya exageradamente en hipótesis (duración de vida finita, depreciación del capital humano, formación específica) que limitan su alcance. Como la formación de terreno constituye el eslabón mas fragil de la teoría, se propone un modelo de formación de estas características mediante la difusión del saber, lo que permite eludir las hipótesis evocadas anteriormente.La formación de terreno aparece en este caso limitada por el saber incorporado en la empresa y dictaminada por esta última a sus empleados en vez de ser libremente elegida por ellos. Por consiguiente,la formación de terreno no résulta de un proceso de maximización de la riqueza humana por el empleado sino que está determinada por otro proceso que implica la difusión del saber.Se puede demostrar entonces, que el rendimiento marginal de la experiencia decrece mucho más rápido que lo que supone el empleo de la función cuadrática, dependiendo además del saber relativo de la empresa respecto del trabajador que llega. En este modelo, la formación de terreno decrece siempre con la experiencia y tiende a cero, aunque el horizonte sea infinito, la depreciación del capital humano nula y sus rendimientos constantes. [ger] Die Ausbildung am Arbeitsplatz und der Ertrag der Erfahrung: ein Modell der Wissensvermittlung, . von Louis Lévy-Garboua.. . Es wird darauf hingewiesen, daß die mincerischen Gewinnfiinktionen sich nicht aus einem Optimierungsprozeß ableiten und daß die Interpretierung der Tatsachen in zu hohem Maße auf Hypothesen (endliche Lebensdauer, Wertverlust des Humankapitals, besondere Ausbildung) beruht, die deren Tragweite mindern. Da die Ausbildung am Arbeitsplatz die Schwachstelle in der Théorie darstellt, wird ein Modell der Ausbildung am Arbeitsplatz durch Wissensvermittlung vorgeschlagen, das diese Hypothesen beiseite läßt. Die Ausbildung am Arbeitsplatz wird bier durch das Wissen, das im Unternehmen vorhanden ist, begrenzt und wird den Beschäftigten von letzterem eher vorgeschrieben als von diesen frei gewählt. Folglich wird sie durch den Prozeß der Wissensvermittlung innerhalb des Unternehmens bestimmt und ergibt sich nicht aus einem Prozeß der Maximierang seines Humanvermögens durch den Beschäftigten. Man kann somit aufzeigen, daß der Grenzertrag der Erfahrung viel schneller abnimmt, als die Verwendung der quadratischen Funktion vermuten läßt, und daß er vom relativen Wissen innerhalb des Unternehmens im Verhaltnis zum neu eingestellten Arbeitnehmer abhängt. Der Grenzertrag der Erfahrung ist auch an den Grad der Wissensvermittlung gebunden. In diesem Modell nimmt die Ausbildung am Arbeitsplatz immer mit der Erfahrung ab und neigt gegen Null, obwohl der Horizont unendlich und der Wertverlust des Humankapitals Null ist und dessen Erträge konstant bleiben. [eng] On-the-Job Training and the Return on Experience: A Model of Skills Dissemination, . by Louis Lévy-Garboua.. . This paper points out that Mincerian gains functions do not result from an optimization process and that the interpretation of the facts is based too much on hypotheses (length of finite life, depreciation of human capital and specific training), which diminish the scope. As on-the-job training is the weak link in the theory, we propose a model of on-the-job training through skills dissemination. This model removes the need for the hypotheses. The model limits on-the-job training to the skills contained in the company, which are dictated to the employees by the company rather than chosen freely by the employees. Consequently, instead of emanating from the employee's optimization of his human assets, training is determined by the dissemination of the company's skills. It is therefore shown that the marginal return on experience decreases a lot faster than the quadratic function would suggest and that it is dependent on the relative skills of the company in relation to the new employee. The marginal return on experience is also linked to the rate of skills dissemination. In this model, on-the-job training always decreases with experience and tends towards zero, even though the time scale is infinite, the depreciation in human capital is zero and its returns are constant. [fre] Formation sur le tas et rendements de l'expérience : un modèle de diffusion du savoir, . par Louis Lévy-Garboua.. . On fait remarquer que les fonctions de gains mincériennes ne dérivent pas d'un processus d'optimisation et que l'interprétation des faits repose exagérément sur des hypothèses (durée de vie finie, dépréciation du capital humain, formation spécifique) qui en affaiblissent la portée. La formation sur le tas étant le maillon faible de la théorie, on propose un modèle de formation sur le tas par diffusion du savoir qui s'affranchit de ces hypothèses. La formation sur le tas y est limitée par le savoir incorporé dans l'entreprise et dictée par cette dernière à ses employés plutôt que choisie librement par eux. Au lieu, par conséquent, de découler d'un processus de maximisation de sa richesse humaine par l'employé, elle est déterminée par le processus de diffusion du savoir de l'entreprise. On parvient alors à montrer que le rendement marginal de l'expérience décroît beaucoup plus rapidement que l'usage de la fonction quadratique ne le suppose, et qu'il dépend du savoir relatif de l'entreprise par rapport au travailleur entrant. Le rendement marginal de l'expérience est aussi relié au taux de diffusion du savoir. Dans ce modèle, la formation sur le tas décroît toujours avec l'expérience et tend vers zéro, bien que l'horizon soit infini, la dépréciation du capital humain nulle et ses rendements constants.

Suggested Citation

  • Louis Lévy-Garboua, 1994. "Formation sur le tas et rendements de l'expérience : un modèle de diffusion du savoir," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 116(5), pages 79-88.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecoprv:ecop_0249-4744_1994_num_116_5_5700
    DOI: 10.3406/ecop.1994.5700
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecop.1994.5700
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://doi.org/10.3406/ecop.1994.5700
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.persee.fr/doc/ecop_0249-4744_1994_num_116_5_5700
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.3406/ecop.1994.5700?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Romer, Paul M, 1986. "Increasing Returns and Long-run Growth," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 94(5), pages 1002-1037, October.
    2. Kostiuk, Peter F & Follmann, Dean A, 1989. "Learning Curves, Personal Characteristics, and Job Performance," Journal of Labor Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 7(2), pages 129-146, April.
    3. Gary S. Becker & Kevin M. Murphy, 1994. "The Division of Labor, Coordination Costs, and Knowledge," NBER Chapters, in: Human Capital: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis with Special Reference to Education, Third Edition, pages 299-322, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    4. Gary S. Becker & Kevin M. Murphy & Robert Tamura, 1994. "Human Capital, Fertility, and Economic Growth," NBER Chapters, in: Human Capital: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis with Special Reference to Education, Third Edition, pages 323-350, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    5. Lazear, Edward P, 1981. "Agency, Earnings Profiles, Productivity, and Hours Restrictions," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 71(4), pages 606-620, September.
    6. Murphy, Kevin M & Welch, Finis, 1990. "Empirical Age-Earnings Profiles," Journal of Labor Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 8(2), pages 202-229, April.
    7. Dickens, William T & Lang, Kevin, 1985. "A Test of Dual Labor Market Theory," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 75(4), pages 792-805, September.
    8. repec:eee:labchp:v:1:y:1986:i:c:p:525-602 is not listed on IDEAS
    9. K. J. Arrow, 1971. "The Economic Implications of Learning by Doing," Palgrave Macmillan Books, in: F. H. Hahn (ed.), Readings in the Theory of Growth, chapter 11, pages 131-149, Palgrave Macmillan.
    10. Barron, John M & Black, Dan A & Loewenstein, Mark A, 1989. "Job Matching and On-the-Job Training," Journal of Labor Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 7(1), pages 1-19, January.
    11. Helwege, Jean, 1992. "Sectoral Shifts and Interindustry Wage Differentials," Journal of Labor Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 10(1), pages 55-84, January.
    12. Haley, William J, 1976. "Estimation of the Earnings Profile from Optimal Human Capital Accumulation," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 44(6), pages 1223-1238, November.
    13. Rosen, Sherwin, 2007. "Studies in Labor Markets," National Bureau of Economic Research Books, University of Chicago Press, number 9780226726304, April.
    14. repec:ucp:bknber:9780226726281 is not listed on IDEAS
    15. Jacob Mincer & Boyan Jovanovic, 1981. "Labor Mobility and Wages," NBER Chapters, in: Studies in Labor Markets, pages 21-64, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    16. Jacob Mincer, 1993. "Studies In Human Capital," Books, Edward Elgar Publishing, number 316.
    17. Jovanovic, Boyan, 1979. "Job Matching and the Theory of Turnover," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 87(5), pages 972-990, October.
    18. Winter-Ebmer, Rudolf, 1994. "Endogenous Growth, Human Capital, and Industry Wages," Bulletin of Economic Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 46(4), pages 289-314, October.
    19. Yoram Ben-Porath, 1967. "The Production of Human Capital and the Life Cycle of Earnings," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 75(4), pages 352-352.
    20. Michael Spence, 1973. "Job Market Signaling," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 87(3), pages 355-374.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Guillaume Destré, 2005. "Une mesure économétrique de la formation par les autres au sein de l'entreprise," Cahiers de la Maison des Sciences Economiques bla05021, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (Paris 1).
    2. Othman Joumady & Catherine Ris, 2005. "Diffusion du capital humain et efficience salariale. Une application sur données appariées employé -employeur," Economie & Prévision, La Documentation Française, vol. 0(3), pages 127-137.
    3. Guillaume Destré & Louis Lévy-Garboua & Michel Sollogoub, 2005. "On-the-job learning and earnings," Cahiers de la Maison des Sciences Economiques bla05022, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (Paris 1).
    4. Guillaume Destré, 2003. "Fonctions de gains et diffusion du savoir : une estimation sur données françaises appariées," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 158(2), pages 89-104.
    5. Baccouche, Rafik & Bouoiyour, Jamal & Hatem, M’Henni & Mouley, Sami, 2008. "Dynamique des investissements, mutations sectorielles et convertibilité du compte de capital : impacts des mesures de libéralisation et expériences comparées Tunisie - Maroc [Dynamics of investment," MPRA Paper 38148, University Library of Munich, Germany.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. repec:eee:labchp:v:3:y:1999:i:pb:p:2373-2437 is not listed on IDEAS
    2. repec:eee:labchp:v:1:y:1986:i:c:p:525-602 is not listed on IDEAS
    3. Polachek, Solomon W., 2008. "Earnings Over the Life Cycle: The Mincer Earnings Function and Its Applications," Foundations and Trends(R) in Microeconomics, now publishers, vol. 4(3), pages 165-272, April.
    4. Joseph G. Altonji & Nicolas Williams, 1992. "The Effects of Labor Market Experience, Job Seniority, and Job Mobility on Wage Growth," NBER Working Papers 4133, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    5. Mengistae, Taye, 1999. "The relative effects of skill formation and job matching on wage growth in Ethiopia," Policy Research Working Paper Series 2104, The World Bank.
    6. Parent, Daniel, 2002. "Matching, human capital, and the covariance structure of earnings," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 9(3), pages 375-404, July.
    7. Destré, Guillaume & Lévy-Garboua, Louis & Sollogoub, Michel, 2008. "Learning from experience or learning from others?: Inferring informal training from a human capital earnings function with matched employer-employee data," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics (formerly The Journal of Socio-Economics), Elsevier, vol. 37(3), pages 919-938, June.
    8. Guillaume Destré & Louis Lévy-Garboua & Michel Sollogoub, 2005. "On-the-job learning and earnings," Cahiers de la Maison des Sciences Economiques bla05022, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (Paris 1).
    9. Jacob Mincer, 1988. "Job Training, Wage Growth, and Labor Turnover," NBER Working Papers 2690, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    10. Alla Kirova, 2011. "Evolution of the Human Capital Doctrine," Economic Studies journal, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences - Economic Research Institute, issue 4, pages 94-131.
    11. Andrew Weiss, 1995. "Human Capital vs. Signalling Explanations of Wages," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 9(4), pages 133-154, Fall.
    12. Ghosh, Suman, 2007. "Job mobility and careers in firms," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 14(3), pages 603-621, June.
    13. Giovanni Sulis, 2014. "Wage Returns to Experience and Tenure for Young Men in Italy," Scottish Journal of Political Economy, Scottish Economic Society, vol. 61(5), pages 559-588, November.
    14. Alan Manning & Joanna Swaffield, 2008. "The gender gap in early-career wage growth," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 118(530), pages 983-1024, July.
    15. repec:eee:labchp:v:2:y:1986:i:c:p:789-848 is not listed on IDEAS
    16. Dan A. Black & Lars Skipper & Jeffrey A. Smith & Jeffrey Andrew Smith, 2023. "Firm Training," CESifo Working Paper Series 10268, CESifo.
    17. Jean-Luc Demeulemeester & Claude Diebolt, 2011. "Education and Growth: What Links for Which Policy?," Historical Social Research (Section 'Cliometrics'), Association Française de Cliométrie (AFC), vol. 36(4), pages 323-346.
    18. Aribah Aslam, 2020. "The hotly debate of human capital and economic growth: why institutions may matter?," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 54(4), pages 1351-1362, August.
    19. Michael Waldman, 1984. "Job Assignments, Signalling, and Efficiency," RAND Journal of Economics, The RAND Corporation, vol. 15(2), pages 255-267, Summer.
    20. Jean Luc de Meulemeester & Claude Diebolt, 2007. "Education et croissance : quel lien, pour quelle politique ?," Working Papers 07-08, Association Française de Cliométrie (AFC).
    21. Cicala, Steve & Fryer, Roland G. & Spenkuch, Jörg L., 2011. "A Roy Model of Social Interactions," MPRA Paper 29150, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    22. Kinvi D.A. Logossah, 1994. "Capital humain et croissance économique : une revue de la littérature," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 116(5), pages 17-34.
    23. Jacob Mincer, 1994. "Investment in U.S. Education and Training," NBER Working Papers 4844, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:prs:ecoprv:ecop_0249-4744_1994_num_116_5_5700. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Equipe PERSEE (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.persee.fr/collection/ecop .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.