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Using Wind Setdown and Storm Surge on Lake Erie to Calibrate the Air-Sea Drag Coefficient

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  • Carl Drews

Abstract

The air-sea drag coefficient controls the transfer of momentum from wind to water. In modeling storm surge, this coefficient is a crucial parameter for estimating the surge height. This study uses two strong wind events on Lake Erie to calibrate the drag coefficient using the Coupled Ocean Atmosphere Wave Sediment Transport (COAWST) modeling system and the the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS). Simulated waves are generated on the lake with Simulating WAves Nearshore (SWAN). Wind setdown provides the opportunity to eliminate wave setup as a contributing factor, since waves are minimal at the upwind shore. The study finds that model results significantly underestimate wind setdown and storm surge when a typical open-ocean formulation without waves is used for the drag coefficient. The contribution of waves to wind setdown and storm surge is 34.7%. Scattered lake ice also increases the effective drag coefficient by a factor of 1.1.

Suggested Citation

  • Carl Drews, 2013. "Using Wind Setdown and Storm Surge on Lake Erie to Calibrate the Air-Sea Drag Coefficient," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(8), pages 1-16, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0072510
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072510
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mark D. Powell & Peter J. Vickery & Timothy A. Reinhold, 2003. "Reduced drag coefficient for high wind speeds in tropical cyclones," Nature, Nature, vol. 422(6929), pages 279-283, March.
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