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Psychosocial Working Conditions and Cognitive Complaints among Swedish Employees

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  • Cecilia U D Stenfors
  • Linda Magnusson Hanson
  • Gabriel Oxenstierna
  • Töres Theorell
  • Lars-Göran Nilsson

Abstract

Background: Cognitive complaints involving problems with concentration, memory, decision-making and thinking are relatively common in the work force. The sensitivity of both subjective and objective cognitive functioning to common psychiatric conditions, stress levels and to cognitive load makes it plausible that psychosocial working conditions play a role in cognitive complaints. Thus, this study aimed to test the associations between psychosocial work factors and cognitive complaints in nationally representative samples of the Swedish work force. Cross-sectional (n = 9751) and prospective (n = 3644; two time points two years apart) sequential multiple regression analyses were run, adjusting for general confounders, depressive- and sleeping problems. Additional prospective analyses were run adjusting for baseline cognitive complaints. Cross-sectional results: High quantitative demands, information and communication technology (ICT) demands, underqualification and conflicts were positively associated with cognitive complaints, while social support, good resources at work and overqualification were negatively associated with cognitive complaints in all models. Skill discretion and decision authority were weakly associated with cognitive complaints. Conflicts were more strongly associated with cognitive complaints in women than in men, after adjustment for general confounders. Prospective results: Quantitative job demands, ICT demands and underqualification were positively associated with future cognitive complaints in all models, including when adjusted for baseline cognitive complaints. Decision authority was weakly positively associated with future cognitive complaints, only after adjustment for depressive- and sleeping problems respectively. Social support was negatively associated with future cognitive complaints after adjustment for general confounders and baseline cognitive complaints. Skill discretion and resources were negatively associated with future cognitive complaints after adjustment for general confounders. The associations between quantitative demands and future cognitive complaints were stronger in women. Discussion/Conclusions: The findings indicate that psychosocial working conditions should be taken into account when considering cognitive complaints among employees.

Suggested Citation

  • Cecilia U D Stenfors & Linda Magnusson Hanson & Gabriel Oxenstierna & Töres Theorell & Lars-Göran Nilsson, 2013. "Psychosocial Working Conditions and Cognitive Complaints among Swedish Employees," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(4), pages 1-10, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0060637
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0060637
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. MacEachen, Ellen & Polzer, Jessica & Clarke, Judy, 2008. ""You are free to set your own hours": Governing worker productivity and health through flexibility and resilience," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 66(5), pages 1019-1033, March.
    2. Rajagopal, 2014. "The Human Factors," Palgrave Macmillan Books, in: Architecting Enterprise, chapter 9, pages 225-249, Palgrave Macmillan.
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    1. Alexander Scholze & Achim Hecker, 2023. "Digital Job Demands and Resources: Digitization in the Context of the Job Demands-Resources Model," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(16), pages 1-17, August.
    2. Mare Lõhmus & Cecilia U. D. Stenfors & Tomas Lind & André Lauber & Antonios Georgelis, 2021. "Mental Health, Greenness, and Nature Related Behaviors in the Adult Population of Stockholm County during COVID-19-Related Restrictions," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(6), pages 1-21, March.
    3. Kelly J Rijs & Tessa N Van den Kommer & Hannie C Comijs & Dorly J H Deeg, 2015. "Prevalence and Incidence of Memory Complaints in Employed Compared to Non-Employed Aged 55–64 Years and the Role of Employment Characteristics," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(3), pages 1-16, March.
    4. Florian Junne & Martina Michaelis & Eva Rothermund & Felicitas Stuber & Harald Gündel & Stephan Zipfel & Monika A. Rieger, 2018. "The Role of Work-Related Factors in the Development of Psychological Distress and Associated Mental Disorders: Differential Views of Human Resource Managers, Occupational Physicians, Primary Care Phys," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-17, March.
    5. Sara Martínez-Camarillo & María Yoldi-Negrete & Ana Fresán-Orellana & Hiram Ortega-Ortiz & Claudia Becerra-Palars, 2019. "Work motivation in patients with bipolar disorder: Associated factors," International Journal of Social Psychiatry, , vol. 65(4), pages 300-304, June.
    6. Lina Rådmark & Linda L Magnusson Hanson & Eva Bojner Horwitz & Walter Osika, 2017. "Prevalence of mind and body exercises (MBE) in relation to demographics, self-rated health, and purchases of prescribed psychotropic drugs and analgesics," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(9), pages 1-15, September.

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