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Is Economic Empowerment a Protective Factor Against Intimate Partner Violence? Evidence from Turkey

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  • Yasemin Dildar

    (California State University San Bernardino)

Abstract

This paper analyzes the relationship between women’s economic empowerment and the incidence of intimate partner violence (IPV) using data from the National Survey on Domestic Violence against Women in Turkey (2008, 2014). Two hypotheses are tested: (i) women’s economic independence reduces the risk of partner violence as suggested by household bargaining models; (ii) women’s vulnerability to IPV increases when their economic situation improves relative to their partner’s as suggested by a male backlash model. Women’s employment has a positive effect on the exposure to IPV but it is not statistically significant after controlling for the simultaneous causality between employment status and IPV. Earning more income than their partners, on the other hand, lowers the risk of IPV by 9.3%, providing evidence for the household bargaining model. The protective effect of income differs according to class positions of women. Earning more income than their partners lowers the risk of physical (7.5%) and sexual violence (6.4%) for women in poor households while it lowers the risk of psychological violence (11.5%) for women in medium-wealth and rich households.

Suggested Citation

  • Yasemin Dildar, 2021. "Is Economic Empowerment a Protective Factor Against Intimate Partner Violence? Evidence from Turkey," The European Journal of Development Research, Palgrave Macmillan;European Association of Development Research and Training Institutes (EADI), vol. 33(6), pages 1695-1728, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:pal:eurjdr:v:33:y:2021:i:6:d:10.1057_s41287-020-00311-x
    DOI: 10.1057/s41287-020-00311-x
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    Cited by:

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    2. Kibris, Arzu & Arbatli, Eren & Williams, Cole, 2024. "Adjusting to Toxic Husbands : Normalization of Domestic Violence by Women," QAPEC Discussion Papers 25, Quantitative and Analytical Political Economy Research Centre.
    3. Bettio, Francesca & Tavares, Fernando Flores & Ticci, Elisa, 2024. "Intimate partner violence during lockdown in Tuscany, Italy: economic shock or confinement-related stressors?," GLO Discussion Paper Series 1507, Global Labor Organization (GLO).
    4. Şeyda Ünver & Ömer Alkan & Erkan Oktay, 2024. "Physical Intimate Partner Violence Against Pregnant Women in Türkiye: A Population Based Study," SAGE Open, , vol. 14(2), pages 21582440241, May.
    5. Aletheia Donald & Cheryl Doss & Markus Goldstein & Sakshi Gupta, 2024. "Sharing responsibility through joint decision-making and implications for intimate-partner violence: evidence from 12 Sub-Saharan African Countries," Review of Economics of the Household, Springer, vol. 22(1), pages 35-66, March.
    6. Sadia Naseem Naik & Dr. Aribah Aslam, 2024. "The Impact of Financial Inclusion on the Association between Government Cash Transfers and Violence Against Women," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 13(1), pages 61-69.
    7. Arzu Kibris & Phillip Nelson, 2023. "Female income generation and intimate partner violence: Evidence from a representative survey in Turkey," Journal of International Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 35(6), pages 963-978, August.
    8. Mwale, Martin Limbikani, 2023. "Do agricultural subsidies matter for women’s attitude towards intimate partner violence? Evidence from Malawi," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 128(C).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Economic empowerment; Intimate partner violence; Turkey;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J12 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Marriage; Marital Dissolution; Family Structure
    • J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
    • Z10 - Other Special Topics - - Cultural Economics - - - General

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