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Understanding Retained Patronage Refunds in Agricultural Cooperatives

Author

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  • Charles R. Knoeber
  • David L. Baumer

Abstract

The share of patronage refunds retained by an agricultural cooperative is modeled as arising from the portfolio decision of its median member. The member is viewed as maximizing expected utility by allocating wealth between investments in farming assets and equity in the cooperative. Determinants of the share of patronage refunds retained are the expected rates of return on these two investments, their variances, their covariance, and the expected future share of patronage and its variance. Empirical examinations of aggregate cooperative data and cross-section analysis of seventeen regional supply cooperatives are found to be consistent with the model.

Suggested Citation

  • Charles R. Knoeber & David L. Baumer, 1983. "Understanding Retained Patronage Refunds in Agricultural Cooperatives," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 65(1), pages 30-37.
    • Handle: RePEc:oup:ajagec:v:65:y:1983:i:1:p:30-37.
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.2307/1240334
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    Cited by:

    1. Russell, Levi A. & Briggeman, Brian C., 2014. "Distributing Patronage Income Under Differing Tax Rates and Member Risk Preferences," Journal of Cooperatives, NCERA-210, vol. 29, pages 1-24.
    2. Malvido Perez Carletti Agustina & Hanisch Markus & Rommel Jens & Fulton Murray, 2018. "Farm Gate Prices for Non-Varietal Wine in Argentina: A Multilevel Comparison of the Prices Paid by Cooperatives and Investor-Oriented Firms," Journal of Agricultural & Food Industrial Organization, De Gruyter, vol. 16(1), pages 1-14, January.
    3. Han, Saim Woo, 1992. "A production and pricing decision model for the Korean agricultural cooperatives," ISU General Staff Papers 1992010108000010995, Iowa State University, Department of Economics.
    4. Diaz-Hermelo, Francisco & Gray, Allan W. & Smith, Edward G., 2000. "Modeling Member Responses to the Farmer Owned Cooperative's Alternative Capital Management Strategies," 2000 Annual Meeting, December 12-13 31813, NCERA-194 Research on Cooperatives.
    5. Franken, Jason R.V. & Cook, Michael L., 2015. "Investment Constraints in Agricultural Cooperatives," 2015 AAEA & WAEA Joint Annual Meeting, July 26-28, San Francisco, California 205427, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    6. Chaddad, Fabio Ribas & Cook, Michael L., 2001. "Testing For The Presence Of Financial Constraints In Agricultural Cooperatives," 2001 Annual meeting, August 5-8, Chicago, IL 20746, American Agricultural Economics Association (New Name 2008: Agricultural and Applied Economics Association).
    7. Levin, Mark (Левин, Марк) & Matrosova, Kseniya (Матросова, Ксения), 2017. "Development and Analysis of Economic Models of Innovation Incentives [Разработка И Исследование Экономических Моделей Стимулирования Инновационных Процессов]," Working Papers 061713, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration.
    8. Chaddad, Fabio Ribas & Cook, Michael L., 2002. "Testing For The Presence Of Financial Constraints In U.S," Working Papers 26045, University of Missouri Columbia, Department of Agricultural Economics.
    9. Uzea, F. Nicoleta & Fulton, Murray E., 2014. "Mechanisms for Effective Alliance Management: Insights from a Federated Cooperative Marketing System," International Food and Agribusiness Management Review, International Food and Agribusiness Management Association, vol. 17(1), pages 1-32, February.
    10. Kyriakos Drivas & Konstantinos Giannakas, 2010. "The Effect of Cooperatives on Quality‐Enhancing Innovation," Journal of Agricultural Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 61(2), pages 295-317, June.
    11. Zhang, Tianwei & Mallory, Mindy L., 2010. "Patronage Refunds Paying Decision of Farm Credit System Associations: A Logit Model," 2010 Annual Meeting, July 25-27, 2010, Denver, Colorado 61756, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    12. Peter J. Baldacchino & Chantelle Camilleri & Simon Grima & Frank H. Bezzina, 2017. "Assessing Incentive and Monitoring Schemes in the Corporate Governance of Maltese Co-operatives," European Research Studies Journal, European Research Studies Journal, vol. 0(3A), pages 177-195.
    13. Chaddad, Fabio Ribas, 2006. "Investment Constraints in Agricultural Cooperatives: Theory, Evidence and Solutions," 44th Congress, July 23-27, 2006, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil 143259, Sociedade Brasileira de Economia, Administracao e Sociologia Rural (SOBER).
    14. Condon, Andrew M. & Cotterill, Ronald W. & Rhodes, V. James & Shaffer, James D. & Staatz, John M., 1987. "Cooperative Theory: New Approaches," Service Reports (SR) 280614, United States Department of Agriculture, Rural Development.
    15. Giannakas, Konstantinos & Fulton, Murray & Sesmero, Juan, 2016. "Horizon and Free-Rider Problems in Cooperative Organizations," Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Western Agricultural Economics Association, vol. 41(3), pages 1-21.
    16. Sporleder, Thomas L. & Goldsmith, Peter D., 1990. "The Risk Mitigation Aspects of Agricultural Cooperatives," Cooperatives: Their Importance in the Future Food and Agricultural System - FAMC 1990 Conference 265910, Food and Agricultural Marketing Consortium (FAMC).
    17. Nikos Kalogeras & Joost M.E. Pennings & Ivo. A. van der Lans & Philip Garcia & Gert van Dijk, 2009. "Understanding heterogeneous preferences of cooperative members," Agribusiness, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 25(1), pages 90-111.
    18. Kalogeras, Nikos & Pennings, Joost M.E., 2013. "Marketing Cooperatives' Equity Sources: An Empirical Study," 2013 Annual Meeting, August 4-6, 2013, Washington, D.C. 150701, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.

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