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A library of atomically thin metal chalcogenides

Author

Listed:
  • Jiadong Zhou

    (Nanyang Technological University)

  • Junhao Lin

    (National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST))

  • Xiangwei Huang

    (Chinese Academy of Sciences)

  • Yao Zhou

    (Chinese Academy of Sciences)

  • Yu Chen

    (Nanyang Technological University)

  • Juan Xia

    (Nanyang Technological University)

  • Hong Wang

    (Nanyang Technological University)

  • Yu Xie

    (Rice University)

  • Huimei Yu

    (East China University of Science and Technology)

  • Jincheng Lei

    (Rice University)

  • Di Wu

    (National University of Singapore
    National University of Singapore)

  • Fucai Liu

    (Nanyang Technological University)

  • Qundong Fu

    (Nanyang Technological University)

  • Qingsheng Zeng

    (Nanyang Technological University)

  • Chuang-Han Hsu

    (National University of Singapore
    National University of Singapore)

  • Changli Yang

    (Chinese Academy of Sciences
    Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter)

  • Li Lu

    (Chinese Academy of Sciences
    Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter)

  • Ting Yu

    (Nanyang Technological University)

  • Zexiang Shen

    (Nanyang Technological University)

  • Hsin Lin

    (National University of Singapore
    National University of Singapore
    Academia Sinica)

  • Boris I. Yakobson

    (Rice University)

  • Qian Liu

    (Chinese Academy of Sciences)

  • Kazu Suenaga

    (National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST))

  • Guangtong Liu

    (Chinese Academy of Sciences)

  • Zheng Liu

    (Nanyang Technological University
    Nanyang Technological University
    CINTRA CNRS/NTU/THALES, UMI 3288, Research Techno Plaza
    Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute)

Abstract

Investigations of two-dimensional transition-metal chalcogenides (TMCs) have recently revealed interesting physical phenomena, including the quantum spin Hall effect1,2, valley polarization3,4 and two-dimensional superconductivity5, suggesting potential applications for functional devices6–10. However, of the numerous compounds available, only a handful, such as Mo- and W-based TMCs, have been synthesized, typically via sulfurization11–15, selenization16,17 and tellurization18 of metals and metal compounds. Many TMCs are difficult to produce because of the high melting points of their metal and metal oxide precursors. Molten-salt-assisted methods have been used to produce ceramic powders at relatively low temperature19 and this approach20 was recently employed to facilitate the growth of monolayer WS2 and WSe2. Here we demonstrate that molten-salt-assisted chemical vapour deposition can be broadly applied for the synthesis of a wide variety of two-dimensional (atomically thin) TMCs. We synthesized 47 compounds, including 32 binary compounds (based on the transition metals Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Mo, W, Re, Pt, Pd and Fe), 13 alloys (including 11 ternary, one quaternary and one quinary), and two heterostructured compounds. We elaborate how the salt decreases the melting point of the reactants and facilitates the formation of intermediate products, increasing the overall reaction rate. Most of the synthesized materials in our library are useful, as supported by evidence of superconductivity in our monolayer NbSe2 and MoTe2 samples21,22 and of high mobilities in MoS2 and ReS2. Although the quality of some of the materials still requires development, our work opens up opportunities for studying the properties and potential application of a wide variety of two-dimensional TMCs.

Suggested Citation

  • Jiadong Zhou & Junhao Lin & Xiangwei Huang & Yao Zhou & Yu Chen & Juan Xia & Hong Wang & Yu Xie & Huimei Yu & Jincheng Lei & Di Wu & Fucai Liu & Qundong Fu & Qingsheng Zeng & Chuang-Han Hsu & Changli , 2018. "A library of atomically thin metal chalcogenides," Nature, Nature, vol. 556(7701), pages 355-359, April.
  • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:556:y:2018:i:7701:d:10.1038_s41586-018-0008-3
    DOI: 10.1038/s41586-018-0008-3
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    Cited by:

    1. Manzhang Xu & Hongjia Ji & Lu Zheng & Weiwei Li & Jing Wang & Hanxin Wang & Lei Luo & Qianbo Lu & Xuetao Gan & Zheng Liu & Xuewen Wang & Wei Huang, 2024. "Reconfiguring nucleation for CVD growth of twisted bilayer MoS2 with a wide range of twist angles," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-12, December.
    2. Lutao Li & Junjie Yao & Juntong Zhu & Yuan Chen & Chen Wang & Zhicheng Zhou & Guoxiang Zhao & Sihan Zhang & Ruonan Wang & Jiating Li & Xiangyi Wang & Zheng Lu & Lingbo Xiao & Qiang Zhang & Guifu Zou, 2023. "Colloid driven low supersaturation crystallization for atomically thin Bismuth halide perovskite," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-8, December.
    3. Yonggang Zuo & Can Liu & Liping Ding & Ruixi Qiao & Jinpeng Tian & Chang Liu & Qinghe Wang & Guodong Xue & Yilong You & Quanlin Guo & Jinhuan Wang & Ying Fu & Kehai Liu & Xu Zhou & Hao Hong & Muhong W, 2022. "Robust growth of two-dimensional metal dichalcogenides and their alloys by active chalcogen monomer supply," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-7, December.
    4. Zijing Zhao & Zhi Fang & Xiaocang Han & Shiqi Yang & Cong Zhou & Yi Zeng & Biao Zhang & Wei Li & Zhan Wang & Ying Zhang & Jian Zhou & Jiadong Zhou & Yu Ye & Xinmei Hou & Xiaoxu Zhao & Song Gao & Yangl, 2023. "A general thermodynamics-triggered competitive growth model to guide the synthesis of two-dimensional nonlayered materials," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-11, December.
    5. Yilei Wu & Chang-Feng Wang & Ming-Gang Ju & Qiangqiang Jia & Qionghua Zhou & Shuaihua Lu & Xinying Gao & Yi Zhang & Jinlan Wang, 2024. "Universal machine learning aided synthesis approach of two-dimensional perovskites in a typical laboratory," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-10, December.
    6. Xuezhen Feng & Renji Zheng & Caiyan Gao & Wenfei Wei & Jiangguli Peng & Ranhao Wang & Songhe Yang & Wensong Zou & Xiaoyong Wu & Yongfei Ji & Hong Chen, 2022. "Unlocking bimetallic active sites via a desalination strategy for photocatalytic reduction of atmospheric carbon dioxide," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-9, December.
    7. Zhongqiang Chen & Hongsong Qiu & Xinjuan Cheng & Jizhe Cui & Zuanming Jin & Da Tian & Xu Zhang & Kankan Xu & Ruxin Liu & Wei Niu & Liqi Zhou & Tianyu Qiu & Yequan Chen & Caihong Zhang & Xiaoxiang Xi &, 2024. "Defect-induced helicity dependent terahertz emission in Dirac semimetal PtTe2 thin films," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-11, December.
    8. Yuting Li & Haoran Kong & Jin Yan & Qinhuan Wang & Xiang Liu & Mingxue Xiang & Yu Wang, 2024. "Large-scale conformal synthesis of one-dimensional MAX phases," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-11, December.
    9. Biao Qin & Muhammad Zeeshan Saeed & Qiuqiu Li & Manli Zhu & Ya Feng & Ziqi Zhou & Jingzhi Fang & Mongur Hossain & Zucheng Zhang & Yucheng Zhou & Ying Huangfu & Rong Song & Jingmei Tang & Bailing Li & , 2023. "General low-temperature growth of two-dimensional nanosheets from layered and nonlayered materials," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-12, December.
    10. Rui Wu & Jie Xu & Chuan-Lin Zhao & Xiao-Zhi Su & Xiao-Long Zhang & Ya-Rong Zheng & Feng-Yi Yang & Xu-Sheng Zheng & Jun-Fa Zhu & Jun Luo & Wei-Xue Li & Min-Rui Gao & Shu-Hong Yu, 2023. "Dopant triggered atomic configuration activates water splitting to hydrogen," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-9, December.
    11. Yecun Wu & Jingyang Wang & Yanbin Li & Jiawei Zhou & Bai Yang Wang & Ankun Yang & Lin-Wang Wang & Harold Y. Hwang & Yi Cui, 2022. "Observation of an intermediate state during lithium intercalation of twisted bilayer MoS2," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-8, December.
    12. Ruiqing Cheng & Lei Yin & Yao Wen & Baoxing Zhai & Yuzheng Guo & Zhaofu Zhang & Weitu Liao & Wenqi Xiong & Hao Wang & Shengjun Yuan & Jian Jiang & Chuansheng Liu & Jun He, 2022. "Ultrathin ferrite nanosheets for room-temperature two-dimensional magnetic semiconductors," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-9, December.
    13. Seunguk Song & Aram Yoon & Jong-Kwon Ha & Jihoon Yang & Sora Jang & Chloe Leblanc & Jaewon Wang & Yeoseon Sim & Deep Jariwala & Seung Kyu Min & Zonghoon Lee & Soon-Yong Kwon, 2022. "Atomic transistors based on seamless lateral metal-semiconductor junctions with a sub-1-nm transfer length," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-11, December.
    14. Qianqian He & Kunpeng Si & Zian Xu & Xingguo Wang & Chunqiao Jin & Yahan Yang & Juntian Wei & Lingjia Meng & Pengbo Zhai & Peng Zhang & Peizhe Tang & Yongji Gong, 2024. "Direct synthesis of controllable ultrathin heteroatoms-intercalated 2D layered materials," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-10, December.

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