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Maximizing the value of twin studies in health and behaviour

Author

Listed:
  • Fiona A. Hagenbeek

    (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
    Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute)

  • Jana S. Hirzinger

    (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
    Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam)

  • Sophie Breunig

    (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
    University of Colorado Boulder
    University of Colorado Boulder)

  • Susanne Bruins

    (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
    Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute)

  • Dmitry V. Kuznetsov

    (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
    Bielefeld University)

  • Kirsten Schut

    (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
    Nightingale Health Plc)

  • Veronika V. Odintsova

    (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
    Amsterdam Reproduction & Development (AR&D) Research Institute
    University of Groningen)

  • Dorret I. Boomsma

    (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
    Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute
    Amsterdam Reproduction & Development (AR&D) Research Institute)

Abstract

In the classical twin design, researchers compare trait resemblance in cohorts of identical and non-identical twins to understand how genetic and environmental factors correlate with resemblance in behaviour and other phenotypes. The twin design is also a valuable tool for studying causality, intergenerational transmission, and gene–environment correlation and interaction. Here we review recent developments in twin studies, recent results from twin studies of new phenotypes and recent insights into twinning. We ask whether the results of existing twin studies are representative of the general population and of global diversity, and we conclude that stronger efforts to increase representativeness are needed. We provide an updated overview of twin concordance and discordance for major diseases and mental disorders, which conveys a crucial message: genetic influences are not as deterministic as many believe. This has important implications for public understanding of genetic risk prediction tools, as the accuracy of genetic predictions can never exceed identical twin concordance rates.

Suggested Citation

  • Fiona A. Hagenbeek & Jana S. Hirzinger & Sophie Breunig & Susanne Bruins & Dmitry V. Kuznetsov & Kirsten Schut & Veronika V. Odintsova & Dorret I. Boomsma, 2023. "Maximizing the value of twin studies in health and behaviour," Nature Human Behaviour, Nature, vol. 7(6), pages 849-860, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nathum:v:7:y:2023:i:6:d:10.1038_s41562-023-01609-6
    DOI: 10.1038/s41562-023-01609-6
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    References listed on IDEAS

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