IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/nat/natcom/v16y2025i1d10.1038_s41467-025-57311-w.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Synthesis of high quality two dimensional covalent organic frameworks through a self-sacrificing guest strategy

Author

Listed:
  • Tianwei Xue

    (Xiamen University)

  • Li Peng

    (Xiamen University)

  • Chengbin Liu

    (Xiamen University)

  • Ruiqing Li

    (Xiamen University)

  • Rongxing Qiu

    (Xiamen University)

  • Yunyang Qian

    (University of Science and Technology of China)

  • Xinyu Guan

    (University of Science and Technology of China)

  • Shanshan Shi

    (Xiamen University)

  • Guangkuo Xu

    (Xiamen University)

  • Lilin Zhu

    (Xiamen University)

  • Shuliang Yang

    (Xiamen University)

  • Jun Li

    (Xiamen University)

  • Hai-Long Jiang

    (University of Science and Technology of China)

Abstract

The quality of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) crucially influences their mechanistic research and subsequent practical implementations. However, it has been widely observed that the structure damage induced by the activation procedure could compromise the quality of COFs. Here we develop a self-sacrificing guest method for synthesizing high-quality two-dimensional COFs (SG-COFs) by incorporating salt guests into the pores of the COF structure. These introduced salts play an indispensable role in supporting COF pores and mitigating quality loss during the activation process. Interestingly, due to the unique characteristic of salts decomposing into gases upon heating, this method can ultimately enable the synthesis of highly pure, high-quality COFs without the presence of residual guest molecules. The resulting sixteen COFs display superior crystallinity and porosity compared to those synthesized using conventional routes. Moreover, these high-quality SG-COFs have demonstrated to be highly efficient adsorbents for removal of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances.

Suggested Citation

  • Tianwei Xue & Li Peng & Chengbin Liu & Ruiqing Li & Rongxing Qiu & Yunyang Qian & Xinyu Guan & Shanshan Shi & Guangkuo Xu & Lilin Zhu & Shuliang Yang & Jun Li & Hai-Long Jiang, 2025. "Synthesis of high quality two dimensional covalent organic frameworks through a self-sacrificing guest strategy," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 16(1), pages 1-11, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:16:y:2025:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-025-57311-w
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-57311-w
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-025-57311-w
    File Function: Abstract
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1038/s41467-025-57311-w?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Xiaoling Wu & Hua Yue & Yuanyu Zhang & Xiaoyong Gao & Xiaoyang Li & Licheng Wang & Yufei Cao & Miao Hou & Haixia An & Lin Zhang & Sai Li & Jingyuan Ma & He Lin & Yanan Fu & Hongkai Gu & Wenyong Lou & , 2019. "Packaging and delivering enzymes by amorphous metal-organic frameworks," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 10(1), pages 1-8, December.
    2. Chengjun Kang & Kuiwei Yang & Zhaoqiang Zhang & Adam K. Usadi & David C. Calabro & Lisa Saunders Baugh & Yuxiang Wang & Jianwen Jiang & Xiaodong Zou & Zhehao Huang & Dan Zhao, 2022. "Growing single crystals of two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks enabled by intermediate tracing study," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-9, December.
    3. Xiaoyi Xu & Xinyu Wu & Kai Xu & Hong Xu & Hongzheng Chen & Ning Huang, 2023. "Pore partition in two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-9, December.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Danping Tian & Ruipeng Hao & Xiaoming Zhang & Hu Shi & Yuwei Wang & Linfeng Liang & Haichao Liu & Hengquan Yang, 2023. "Multi-compartmental MOF microreactors derived from Pickering double emulsions for chemo-enzymatic cascade catalysis," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-14, December.
    2. Wei Zhang & Yanchen Liu & Henrik S. Jeppesen & Nicola Pinna, 2024. "Stöber method to amorphous metal-organic frameworks and coordination polymers," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-12, December.
    3. Linjing Tong & Siming Huang & Yujian Shen & Suya Liu & Xiaomin Ma & Fang Zhu & Guosheng Chen & Gangfeng Ouyang, 2022. "Atomically unveiling the structure-activity relationship of biomacromolecule-metal-organic frameworks symbiotic crystal," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-9, December.
    4. Zheng Lin & Xiangkun Yu & Zijian Zhao & Ning Ding & Changchun Wang & Ke Hu & Youliang Zhu & Jia Guo, 2025. "Controlling crystallization in covalent organic frameworks to facilitate photocatalytic hydrogen production," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 16(1), pages 1-11, December.
    5. Jiabin Wu & Xianyu Zhu & Qun Li & Qiang Fu & Bingxue Wang & Beibei Li & Shanshan Wang & Qingchao Chang & Huandong Xiang & Chengliang Ye & Qiqiang Li & Liang Huang & Yan Liang & Dingsheng Wang & Yulian, 2024. "Enhancing radiation-resistance and peroxidase-like activity of single-atom copper nanozyme via local coordination manipulation," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-14, December.
    6. Sassone, Daniele & Bocchini, Sergio & Fontana, Marco & Salvini, Clara & Cicero, Giancarlo & Re Fiorentin, Michele & Risplendi, Francesca & Latini, Giulio & Amin Farkhondehfal, M. & Pirri, Fabrizio & Z, 2022. "Imidazole-imidazolate pair as organo-electrocatalyst for CO2 reduction on ZIF-8 material," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 324(C).
    7. Ke Li & Yucheng Zhao & Jian Yang & Jinlou Gu, 2022. "Nanoemulsion-directed growth of MOFs with versatile architectures for the heterogeneous regeneration of coenzymes," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-8, December.
    8. Wei Huang & Haitao Yuan & Huangsheng Yang & Xiaomin Ma & Shuyao Huang & Hongjie Zhang & Siming Huang & Guosheng Chen & Gangfeng Ouyang, 2023. "Green synthesis of stable hybrid biocatalyst using a hydrogen-bonded, π-π-stacking supramolecular assembly for electrochemical immunosensor," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-11, December.
    9. Yong Liu & Liangchao Yuan & Wenwen Chi & Wang-Kang Han & Jinfang Zhang & Huan Pang & Zhongchang Wang & Zhi-Guo Gu, 2024. "Cairo pentagon tessellated covalent organic frameworks with mcm topology for near-infrared phototherapy," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-11, December.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:16:y:2025:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-025-57311-w. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.nature.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.