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Synthesis of high quality two dimensional covalent organic frameworks through a self-sacrificing guest strategy

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  • Tianwei Xue

    (Xiamen University)

  • Li Peng

    (Xiamen University)

  • Chengbin Liu

    (Xiamen University)

  • Ruiqing Li

    (Xiamen University)

  • Rongxing Qiu

    (Xiamen University)

  • Yunyang Qian

    (University of Science and Technology of China)

  • Xinyu Guan

    (University of Science and Technology of China)

  • Shanshan Shi

    (Xiamen University)

  • Guangkuo Xu

    (Xiamen University)

  • Lilin Zhu

    (Xiamen University)

  • Shuliang Yang

    (Xiamen University)

  • Jun Li

    (Xiamen University)

  • Hai-Long Jiang

    (University of Science and Technology of China)

Abstract

The quality of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) crucially influences their mechanistic research and subsequent practical implementations. However, it has been widely observed that the structure damage induced by the activation procedure could compromise the quality of COFs. Here we develop a self-sacrificing guest method for synthesizing high-quality two-dimensional COFs (SG-COFs) by incorporating salt guests into the pores of the COF structure. These introduced salts play an indispensable role in supporting COF pores and mitigating quality loss during the activation process. Interestingly, due to the unique characteristic of salts decomposing into gases upon heating, this method can ultimately enable the synthesis of highly pure, high-quality COFs without the presence of residual guest molecules. The resulting sixteen COFs display superior crystallinity and porosity compared to those synthesized using conventional routes. Moreover, these high-quality SG-COFs have demonstrated to be highly efficient adsorbents for removal of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances.

Suggested Citation

  • Tianwei Xue & Li Peng & Chengbin Liu & Ruiqing Li & Rongxing Qiu & Yunyang Qian & Xinyu Guan & Shanshan Shi & Guangkuo Xu & Lilin Zhu & Shuliang Yang & Jun Li & Hai-Long Jiang, 2025. "Synthesis of high quality two dimensional covalent organic frameworks through a self-sacrificing guest strategy," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 16(1), pages 1-11, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:16:y:2025:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-025-57311-w
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-57311-w
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Chengjun Kang & Kuiwei Yang & Zhaoqiang Zhang & Adam K. Usadi & David C. Calabro & Lisa Saunders Baugh & Yuxiang Wang & Jianwen Jiang & Xiaodong Zou & Zhehao Huang & Dan Zhao, 2022. "Growing single crystals of two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks enabled by intermediate tracing study," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-9, December.
    2. Xiaoyi Xu & Xinyu Wu & Kai Xu & Hong Xu & Hongzheng Chen & Ning Huang, 2023. "Pore partition in two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-9, December.
    3. Xiaoling Wu & Hua Yue & Yuanyu Zhang & Xiaoyong Gao & Xiaoyang Li & Licheng Wang & Yufei Cao & Miao Hou & Haixia An & Lin Zhang & Sai Li & Jingyuan Ma & He Lin & Yanan Fu & Hongkai Gu & Wenyong Lou & , 2019. "Packaging and delivering enzymes by amorphous metal-organic frameworks," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 10(1), pages 1-8, December.
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