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Achromatic metalenses for full visible spectrum with extended group delay control via dispersion-matched layers

Author

Listed:
  • Shengyuan Chang

    (The Pennsylvania State University)

  • Lidan Zhang

    (The Pennsylvania State University)

  • Yao Duan

    (The Pennsylvania State University)

  • Md Tarek Rahman

    (The Pennsylvania State University)

  • Abrar Islam

    (The Pennsylvania State University)

  • Xingjie Ni

    (The Pennsylvania State University)

Abstract

Achieving achromaticity across the visible light spectrum is crucial for metalenses in imaging systems. Single-layer metalenses struggle with weak focusing power or small aperture sizes due to inadequate group delay control. Multilayer metalenses offer some improvement but come with increased design and fabrication complexity. Here, we demonstrate a strategy using meta-atoms with material layers engineered for matching dispersion, allowing large and fine adjustments of group delay. Our design substantially broadens the group delay range, allowing us to experimentally demonstrate several polarization-independent metalenses operating across the entire visible spectrum (400-700 nm). We design, fabricate, and characterize achromatic metalenses with aperture diameters of 16 μm, 66 μm, 200 μm, and 400 μm, and numerical apertures of 0.27, 0.11, 0.04, and 0.02, respectively. Among them, the 400-μm diameter, 0.02-numerical-aperture metalens is used to demonstrate full-color imaging capabilities. Our results exhibit diffraction-limited performance, high efficiency, and accurate full-color image reproduction.

Suggested Citation

  • Shengyuan Chang & Lidan Zhang & Yao Duan & Md Tarek Rahman & Abrar Islam & Xingjie Ni, 2024. "Achromatic metalenses for full visible spectrum with extended group delay control via dispersion-matched layers," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-9, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:15:y:2024:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-024-53701-8
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-53701-8
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Shuming Wang & Pin Chieh Wu & Vin-Cent Su & Yi-Chieh Lai & Cheng Hung Chu & Jia-Wern Chen & Shen-Hung Lu & Ji Chen & Beibei Xu & Chieh-Hsiung Kuan & Tao Li & Shining Zhu & Din Ping Tsai, 2017. "Broadband achromatic optical metasurface devices," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 8(1), pages 1-9, December.
    2. Ori Avayu & Euclides Almeida & Yehiam Prior & Tal Ellenbogen, 2017. "Composite functional metasurfaces for multispectral achromatic optics," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 8(1), pages 1-7, April.
    3. F. Balli & M. Sultan & Sarah K. Lami & J. T. Hastings, 2020. "A hybrid achromatic metalens," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 11(1), pages 1-8, December.
    4. Wei Ting Chen & Alexander Y. Zhu & Jared Sisler & Zameer Bharwani & Federico Capasso, 2019. "A broadband achromatic polarization-insensitive metalens consisting of anisotropic nanostructures," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 10(1), pages 1-7, December.
    5. Yujie Wang & Qinmiao Chen & Wenhong Yang & Ziheng Ji & Limin Jin & Xing Ma & Qinghai Song & Alexandra Boltasseva & Jiecai Han & Vladimir M. Shalaev & Shumin Xiao, 2021. "High-efficiency broadband achromatic metalens for near-IR biological imaging window," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-7, December.
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