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A burden of proof study on alcohol consumption and ischemic heart disease

Author

Listed:
  • Sinclair Carr

    (University of Washington)

  • Dana Bryazka

    (University of Washington)

  • Susan A. McLaughlin

    (University of Washington)

  • Peng Zheng

    (University of Washington
    University of Washington)

  • Sarasvati Bahadursingh

    (University of Oxford)

  • Aleksandr Y. Aravkin

    (University of Washington
    University of Washington
    University of Washington)

  • Simon I. Hay

    (University of Washington
    University of Washington)

  • Hilary R. Lawlor

    (University of Washington)

  • Erin C. Mullany

    (University of Washington)

  • Christopher J. L. Murray

    (University of Washington
    University of Washington)

  • Sneha I. Nicholson

    (University of Washington)

  • Jürgen Rehm

    (Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health
    Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health
    University of Toronto
    University of Toronto)

  • Gregory A. Roth

    (University of Washington
    University of Washington
    University of Washington)

  • Reed J. D. Sorensen

    (University of Washington)

  • Sarah Lewington

    (University of Oxford)

  • Emmanuela Gakidou

    (University of Washington
    University of Washington)

Abstract

Cohort and case-control data have suggested an association between low to moderate alcohol consumption and decreased risk of ischemic heart disease (IHD), yet results from Mendelian randomization (MR) studies designed to reduce bias have shown either no or a harmful association. Here we conducted an updated systematic review and re-evaluated existing cohort, case-control, and MR data using the burden of proof meta-analytical framework. Cohort and case-control data show low to moderate alcohol consumption is associated with decreased IHD risk – specifically, intake is inversely related to IHD and myocardial infarction morbidity in both sexes and IHD mortality in males – while pooled MR data show no association, confirming that self-reported versus genetically predicted alcohol use data yield conflicting findings about the alcohol-IHD relationship. Our results highlight the need to advance MR methodologies and emulate randomized trials using large observational databases to obtain more definitive answers to this critical public health question.

Suggested Citation

  • Sinclair Carr & Dana Bryazka & Susan A. McLaughlin & Peng Zheng & Sarasvati Bahadursingh & Aleksandr Y. Aravkin & Simon I. Hay & Hilary R. Lawlor & Erin C. Mullany & Christopher J. L. Murray & Sneha I, 2024. "A burden of proof study on alcohol consumption and ischemic heart disease," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-16, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:15:y:2024:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-024-47632-7
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47632-7
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Nuala A Sheehan & Vanessa Didelez & Paul R Burton & Martin D Tobin, 2008. "Mendelian Randomisation and Causal Inference in Observational Epidemiology," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 5(8), pages 1-6, August.
    2. Shiu Lun Au Yeung & Chaoqiang Jiang & Kar Keung Cheng & Benjamin J Cowling & Bin Liu & Weisen Zhang & Tai Hing Lam & Gabriel M Leung & C Mary Schooling, 2013. "Moderate Alcohol Use and Cardiovascular Disease from Mendelian Randomization," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(7), pages 1-9, July.
    3. Gretchen A Stevens & Leontine Alkema & Robert E Black & J Ties Boerma & Gary S Collins & Majid Ezzati & John T Grove & Daniel R Hogan & Margaret C Hogan & Richard Horton & Joy E Lawn & Ana Marušić & C, 2016. "Guidelines for Accurate and Transparent Health Estimates Reporting: the GATHER statement," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(6), pages 1-8, June.
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