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Strong and ductile high temperature soft magnets through Widmanstätten precipitates

Author

Listed:
  • Liuliu Han

    (Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung)

  • Fernando Maccari

    (Technical University of Darmstadt)

  • Ivan Soldatov

    (IFW Dresden, Institute for Metallic Materials)

  • Nicolas J. Peter

    (Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung)

  • Isnaldi R. Souza Filho

    (Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung)

  • Rudolf Schäfer

    (IFW Dresden, Institute for Metallic Materials)

  • Oliver Gutfleisch

    (Technical University of Darmstadt)

  • Zhiming Li

    (Central South University)

  • Dierk Raabe

    (Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung)

Abstract

Fast growth of sustainable energy production requires massive electrification of transport, industry and households, with electrical motors as key components. These need soft magnets with high saturation magnetization, mechanical strength, and thermal stability to operate efficiently and safely. Reconciling these properties in one material is challenging because thermally-stable microstructures for strength increase conflict with magnetic performance. Here, we present a material concept that combines thermal stability, soft magnetic response, and high mechanical strength. The strong and ductile soft ferromagnet is realized as a multicomponent alloy in which precipitates with a large aspect ratio form a Widmanstätten pattern. The material shows excellent magnetic and mechanical properties at high temperatures while the reference alloy with identical composition devoid of precipitates significantly loses its magnetization and strength at identical temperatures. The work provides a new avenue to develop soft magnets for high-temperature applications, enabling efficient use of sustainable electrical energy under harsh operating conditions.

Suggested Citation

  • Liuliu Han & Fernando Maccari & Ivan Soldatov & Nicolas J. Peter & Isnaldi R. Souza Filho & Rudolf Schäfer & Oliver Gutfleisch & Zhiming Li & Dierk Raabe, 2023. "Strong and ductile high temperature soft magnets through Widmanstätten precipitates," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-10, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:14:y:2023:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-023-43953-1
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43953-1
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. S. X. Wang & N. X. Sun & M. Yamaguchi & S. Yabukami, 2000. "Properties of a new soft magnetic material," Nature, Nature, vol. 407(6801), pages 150-151, September.
    2. Rui Zhang & Chunyang Wang & Peichao Zou & Ruoqian Lin & Lu Ma & Liang Yin & Tianyi Li & Wenqian Xu & Hao Jia & Qiuyan Li & Sami Sainio & Kim Kisslinger & Stephen E. Trask & Steven N. Ehrlich & Yang Ya, 2022. "Compositionally complex doping for zero-strain zero-cobalt layered cathodes," Nature, Nature, vol. 610(7930), pages 67-73, October.
    3. Liuliu Han & Fernando Maccari & Isnaldi R. Souza Filho & Nicolas J. Peter & Ye Wei & Baptiste Gault & Oliver Gutfleisch & Zhiming Li & Dierk Raabe, 2022. "A mechanically strong and ductile soft magnet with extremely low coercivity," Nature, Nature, vol. 608(7922), pages 310-316, August.
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