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Household transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in Denmark

Author

Listed:
  • Frederik Plesner Lyngse

    (University of Copenhagen
    Danish Ministry of Health
    Statens Serum Institut)

  • Laust Hvas Mortensen

    (Statistics Denmark
    University of Copenhagen)

  • Matthew J. Denwood

    (University of Copenhagen)

  • Lasse Engbo Christiansen

    (Technical University of Denmark)

  • Camilla Holten Møller

    (Statens Serum Institut)

  • Robert Leo Skov

    (Statens Serum Institut)

  • Katja Spiess

    (Statens Serum Institut)

  • Anders Fomsgaard

    (Statens Serum Institut)

  • Ria Lassaunière

    (Statens Serum Institut)

  • Morten Rasmussen

    (Statens Serum Institut)

  • Marc Stegger

    (Parasites and Fungi, Statens Serum Institut)

  • Claus Nielsen

    (Statens Serum Institut)

  • Raphael Niklaus Sieber

    (Parasites and Fungi, Statens Serum Institut)

  • Arieh Sierra Cohen

    (Statens Serum Institut)

  • Frederik Trier Møller

    (Statens Serum Institut)

  • Maria Overvad

    (Statens Serum Institut)

  • Kåre Mølbak

    (Statens Serum Institut
    University of Copenhagen)

  • Tyra Grove Krause

    (Statens Serum Institut)

  • Carsten Thure Kirkeby

    (University of Copenhagen)

Abstract

In late 2021, the Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variant overtook the previously dominant Delta variant, but the extent to which this transition was driven by immune evasion or a change in the inherent transmissibility is currently unclear. We estimate SARS-CoV-2 transmission within Danish households during December 2021. Among 26,675 households (8,568 with the Omicron VOC), we identified 14,140 secondary infections within a 1–7-day follow-up period. The secondary attack rate was 29% and 21% in households infected with Omicron and Delta, respectively. For Omicron, the odds of infection were 1.10 (95%-CI: 1.00-1.21) times higher for unvaccinated, 2.38 (95%-CI: 2.23-2.54) times higher for fully vaccinated and 3.20 (95%-CI: 2.67-3.83) times higher for booster-vaccinated contacts compared to Delta. We conclude that the transition from Delta to Omicron VOC was primarily driven by immune evasiveness and to a lesser extent an inherent increase in the basic transmissibility of the Omicron variant.

Suggested Citation

  • Frederik Plesner Lyngse & Laust Hvas Mortensen & Matthew J. Denwood & Lasse Engbo Christiansen & Camilla Holten Møller & Robert Leo Skov & Katja Spiess & Anders Fomsgaard & Ria Lassaunière & Morten Ra, 2022. "Household transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in Denmark," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-7, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-022-33328-3
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33328-3
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ewen Callaway & Heidi Ledford, 2021. "How bad is Omicron? What scientists know so far," Nature, Nature, vol. 600(7888), pages 197-199, December.
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    1. Amanda C. Perofsky & Chelsea L. Hansen & Roy Burstein & Shanda Boyle & Robin Prentice & Cooper Marshall & David Reinhart & Ben Capodanno & Melissa Truong & Kristen Schwabe-Fry & Kayla Kuchta & Brian P, 2024. "Impacts of human mobility on the citywide transmission dynamics of 18 respiratory viruses in pre- and post-COVID-19 pandemic years," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-17, December.
    2. Julia R. Port & Claude Kwe Yinda & Jade C. Riopelle & Zachary A. Weishampel & Taylor A. Saturday & Victoria A. Avanzato & Jonathan E. Schulz & Myndi G. Holbrook & Kent Barbian & Rose Perry-Gottschalk , 2023. "Infection- or AZD1222 vaccine-mediated immunity reduces SARS-CoV-2 transmission but increases Omicron competitiveness in hamsters," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-14, December.
    3. Alessia Raineri & Thomas Radtke & Sonja Rueegg & Sarah R. Haile & Dominik Menges & Tala Ballouz & Agne Ulyte & Jan Fehr & Daniel L. Cornejo & Giuseppe Pantaleo & Céline Pellaton & Craig Fenwick & Milo, 2023. "Persistent humoral immune response in youth throughout the COVID-19 pandemic: prospective school-based cohort study," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-13, December.
    4. Denis Mongin & Nils Bürgisser & Gustavo Laurie & Guillaume Schimmel & Diem-Lan Vu & Stephane Cullati & Delphine Sophie Courvoisier, 2023. "Effect of SARS-CoV-2 prior infection and mRNA vaccination on contagiousness and susceptibility to infection," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-13, December.

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