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Heterologous immunization with inactivated vaccine followed by mRNA-booster elicits strong immunity against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant

Author

Listed:
  • Fanglei Zuo

    (Karolinska Institutet)

  • Hassan Abolhassani

    (Karolinska Institutet)

  • Likun Du

    (Karolinska Institutet)

  • Antonio Piralla

    (Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo)

  • Federico Bertoglio

    (Technische Universität Braunschweig)

  • Leire Campos-Mata

    (Karolinska Institutet)

  • Hui Wan

    (Karolinska Institutet)

  • Maren Schubert

    (Technische Universität Braunschweig)

  • Irene Cassaniti

    (Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo)

  • Yating Wang

    (Karolinska Institutet)

  • Josè Camilla Sammartino

    (Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo)

  • Rui Sun

    (Karolinska Institutet)

  • Stelios Vlachiotis

    (Karolinska Institutet)

  • Federica Bergami

    (Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo)

  • Makiko Kumagai-Braesch

    (CLINTEC, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital)

  • Juni Andréll

    (Stockholm University)

  • Zhaoxia Zhang

    (Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge)

  • Yintong Xue

    (Peking University Health Science Center)

  • Esther Veronika Wenzel

    (Technische Universität Braunschweig
    Abcalis GmbH, Science Campus Braunschweig-Süd)

  • Luigi Calzolai

    (European Commission, Joint Research Centre)

  • Luca Varani

    (Università della Svizzera italiana (USI))

  • Nima Rezaei

    (Tehran University of Medical Sciences)

  • Zahra Chavoshzadeh

    (Mofid Children’s Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences)

  • Fausto Baldanti

    (Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo
    University of Pavia)

  • Michael Hust

    (Technische Universität Braunschweig)

  • Lennart Hammarström

    (Karolinska Institutet)

  • Harold Marcotte

    (Karolinska Institutet)

  • Qiang Pan-Hammarström

    (Karolinska Institutet)

Abstract

The recent emergence of the Omicron variant has raised concerns on vaccine efficacy and the urgent need to study more efficient vaccination strategies. Here we observed that an mRNA vaccine booster in individuals vaccinated with two doses of inactivated vaccine significantly increased the plasma level of specific antibodies that bind to the receptor-binding domain (RBD) or the spike (S) ectodomain (S1 + S2) of both the G614 and the Omicron variants, compared to two doses of homologous inactivated vaccine. The level of RBD- and S-specific IgG antibodies and virus neutralization titers against variants of concern in the heterologous vaccination group were similar to that in individuals receiving three doses of homologous mRNA-vaccine or a boost of mRNA vaccine after infection, but markedly higher than that in individuals receiving three doses of a homologous inactivated vaccine. This heterologous vaccination regime furthermore significantly enhanced the RBD-specific memory B cell response and S1-specific T cell response, compared to two or three doses of homologous inactivated vaccine. Our study demonstrates that mRNA vaccine booster in individuals vaccinated with inactivated vaccines can be highly beneficial, as it markedly increases the humoral and cellular immune responses against the virus, including the Omicron variant.

Suggested Citation

  • Fanglei Zuo & Hassan Abolhassani & Likun Du & Antonio Piralla & Federico Bertoglio & Leire Campos-Mata & Hui Wan & Maren Schubert & Irene Cassaniti & Yating Wang & Josè Camilla Sammartino & Rui Sun & , 2022. "Heterologous immunization with inactivated vaccine followed by mRNA-booster elicits strong immunity against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-8, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-022-30340-5
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30340-5
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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    1. Jacob A. Dillard & Sharon A. Taft-Benz & Audrey C. Knight & Elizabeth J. Anderson & Katia D. Pressey & Breantié Parotti & Sabian A. Martinez & Jennifer L. Diaz & Sanjay Sarkar & Emily A. Madden & Gabr, 2024. "Adjuvant-dependent impact of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines during heterologous infection by a SARS-related coronavirus," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-15, December.

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