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Protein-based SARS-CoV-2 spike vaccine booster increases cross-neutralization against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern in non-human primates

Author

Listed:
  • Vincent Pavot

    (Sanofi)

  • Catherine Berry

    (Sanofi)

  • Michael Kishko

    (Sanofi)

  • Natalie G. Anosova

    (Sanofi)

  • Dean Huang

    (Sanofi)

  • Tim Tibbitts

    (Sanofi)

  • Alice Raillard

    (Sanofi)

  • Sylviane Gautheron

    (Sanofi)

  • Cindy Gutzeit

    (GSK)

  • Marguerite Koutsoukos

    (GSK)

  • Roman M. Chicz

    (Sanofi)

  • Valerie Lecouturier

    (Sanofi)

Abstract

The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants that partly evade neutralizing antibodies raises concerns of reduced vaccine effectiveness and increased infection. We previously demonstrated that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein vaccine adjuvanted with AS03 (CoV2 preS dTM-AS03) elicits robust neutralizing antibody responses in naïve subjects. Here we show that, in macaques primed with mRNA or protein-based subunit vaccine candidates, one booster dose of CoV2 preS dTM-AS03 (monovalent D614 or B.1.351, or bivalent D614 + B.1.351 formulations), significantly boosts the pre-existing neutralizing antibodies against the parental strain from 177- to 370-fold. Importantly, the booster dose elicits high and persistent cross-neutralizing antibodies covering five former or current SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta and Omicron) and, unexpectedly, SARS-CoV-1. Interestingly, we show that the booster specifically increases the functional antibody responses as compared to the receptor binding domain (RBD)-specific responses. Our findings show that these vaccine candidates, when used as a booster, have the potential to offer cross-protection against a broad spectrum of variants. This has important implications for vaccine control of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern and informs on the benefit of a booster with the vaccine candidates currently under evaluation in clinical trials.

Suggested Citation

  • Vincent Pavot & Catherine Berry & Michael Kishko & Natalie G. Anosova & Dean Huang & Tim Tibbitts & Alice Raillard & Sylviane Gautheron & Cindy Gutzeit & Marguerite Koutsoukos & Roman M. Chicz & Valer, 2022. "Protein-based SARS-CoV-2 spike vaccine booster increases cross-neutralization against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern in non-human primates," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-9, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-022-29219-2
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29219-2
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    1. Houriiyah Tegally & Eduan Wilkinson & Marta Giovanetti & Arash Iranzadeh & Vagner Fonseca & Jennifer Giandhari & Deelan Doolabh & Sureshnee Pillay & Emmanuel James San & Nokukhanya Msomi & Koleka Mlis, 2021. "Detection of a SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern in South Africa," Nature, Nature, vol. 592(7854), pages 438-443, April.
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    1. Vincent Pavot & Catherine Berry & Michael Kishko & Natalie G. Anosova & Lu Li & Tim Tibbitts & Dean Huang & Alice Raillard & Sylviane Gautheron & Cindy Gutzeit & Marguerite Koutsoukos & Roman M. Chicz, 2023. "Beta variant COVID-19 protein booster vaccine elicits durable cross-neutralization against SARS-CoV-2 variants in non-human primates," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-8, December.
    2. Saranya Sridhar & Roman M. Chicz & William Warren & Jim Tartaglia & Stephen Savarino & Sanjay Gurunathan & Jean-Francois Toussaint, 2022. "The potential of Beta variant containing COVID booster vaccines for chasing Omicron in 2022," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-3, December.

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