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Neutralization capacity of antibodies elicited through homologous or heterologous infection or vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 VOCs

Author

Listed:
  • Meriem Bekliz

    (University of Geneva)

  • Kenneth Adea

    (University of Geneva)

  • Pauline Vetter

    (Geneva University Hospitals
    Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine)

  • Christiane S. Eberhardt

    (University of Geneva
    University of Geneva
    Geneva University Hospitals)

  • Krisztina Hosszu-Fellous

    (Geneva University Hospitals
    Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine)

  • Diem-Lan Vu

    (Geneva University Hospitals)

  • Olha Puhach

    (University of Geneva)

  • Manel Essaidi-Laziosi

    (University of Geneva)

  • Sophie Waldvogel-Abramowski

    (Geneva University Hospitals)

  • Caroline Stephan

    (Geneva University Hospitals)

  • Arnaud G. L’Huillier

    (Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine)

  • Claire-Anne Siegrist

    (University of Geneva)

  • Arnaud M. Didierlaurent

    (University of Geneva)

  • Laurent Kaiser

    (Geneva University Hospitals
    Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine)

  • Benjamin Meyer

    (University of Geneva)

  • Isabella Eckerle

    (University of Geneva
    Geneva University Hospitals
    Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine)

Abstract

Emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants raise questions about escape from previous immunity. As the population immunity to SARS-CoV-2 has become more complex due to prior infections with different variants, vaccinations or the combination of both, understanding the antigenic relationship between variants is needed. Here, we have assessed neutralizing capacity of 120 blood specimens from convalescent individuals infected with ancestral SARS-CoV-2, Alpha, Beta, Gamma or Delta, double vaccinated individuals and patients after breakthrough infections with Delta or Omicron-BA.1. Neutralization against seven authentic SARS-CoV-2 isolates (B.1, Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, Zeta and Omicron-BA.1) determined by plaque-reduction neutralization assay allowed us to map the antigenic relationship of SARS-CoV-2 variants. Highest neutralization titers were observed against the homologous variant. Antigenic cartography identified Zeta and Omicron-BA.1 as separate antigenic clusters. Substantial immune escape in vaccinated individuals was detected for Omicron-BA.1 but not Zeta. Combined infection/vaccination derived immunity results in less Omicron-BA.1 immune escape. Last, breakthrough infections with Omicron-BA.1 lead to broadly neutralizing sera.

Suggested Citation

  • Meriem Bekliz & Kenneth Adea & Pauline Vetter & Christiane S. Eberhardt & Krisztina Hosszu-Fellous & Diem-Lan Vu & Olha Puhach & Manel Essaidi-Laziosi & Sophie Waldvogel-Abramowski & Caroline Stephan , 2022. "Neutralization capacity of antibodies elicited through homologous or heterologous infection or vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 VOCs," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-10, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-022-31556-1
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31556-1
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    1. Annika Rössler & Antonia Netzl & Ludwig Knabl & Helena Schäfer & Samuel H. Wilks & David Bante & Barbara Falkensammer & Wegene Borena & Dorothee Laer & Derek J. Smith & Janine Kimpel, 2022. "BA.2 and BA.5 omicron differ immunologically from both BA.1 omicron and pre-omicron variants," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-9, December.
    2. Grace Kenny & Sophie O’Reilly & Neil Wrigley Kelly & Riya Negi & Colette Gaillard & Dana Alalwan & Gurvin Saini & Tamara Alrawahneh & Nathan Francois & Matthew Angeliadis & Alejandro Abner Garcia Leon, 2023. "Distinct receptor binding domain IgG thresholds predict protective host immunity across SARS-CoV-2 variants and time," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-11, December.

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