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Protective immune trajectories in early viral containment of non-pneumonic SARS-CoV-2 infection

Author

Listed:
  • Kami Pekayvaz

    (University Hospital, LMU Munich
    partner site Munich Heart Alliance)

  • Alexander Leunig

    (University Hospital, LMU Munich
    partner site Munich Heart Alliance)

  • Rainer Kaiser

    (University Hospital, LMU Munich
    partner site Munich Heart Alliance)

  • Markus Joppich

    (Ludwig-Maximilian Universität München)

  • Sophia Brambs

    (University Hospital, LMU Munich)

  • Aleksandar Janjic

    (Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich)

  • Oliver Popp

    (Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH))

  • Daniel Nixdorf

    (Gene Center, LMU Munich
    University Hospital, LMU Munich)

  • Valeria Fumagalli

    (IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute
    Vita-Salute San Raffaele University)

  • Nora Schmidt

    (Helmholtz-Center for Infection Research)

  • Vivien Polewka

    (University Hospital, LMU Munich)

  • Afra Anjum

    (University Hospital, LMU Munich)

  • Viktoria Knottenberg

    (University Hospital, LMU Munich)

  • Luke Eivers

    (University Hospital, LMU Munich)

  • Lucas E. Wange

    (Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich)

  • Christoph Gold

    (University Hospital, LMU Munich)

  • Marieluise Kirchner

    (Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH))

  • Maximilian Muenchhoff

    (Faculty of Medicine, LMU München
    Partner Site Munich
    University Hospital, LMU Munich)

  • Johannes C. Hellmuth

    (University Hospital, LMU Munich
    University Hospital, LMU Munich)

  • Clemens Scherer

    (University Hospital, LMU Munich
    partner site Munich Heart Alliance
    University Hospital, LMU Munich)

  • Raquel Rubio-Acero

    (Partner Site Munich
    University Hospital Ludwig-Maximilian University Munich)

  • Tabea Eser

    (Partner Site Munich
    University Hospital Ludwig-Maximilian University Munich)

  • Flora Deák

    (Partner Site Munich
    University Hospital Ludwig-Maximilian University Munich)

  • Kerstin Puchinger

    (University Hospital Ludwig-Maximilian University Munich)

  • Niklas Kuhl

    (University Hospital Ludwig-Maximilian University Munich
    University Hospital, LMU Munich)

  • Andreas Linder

    (University Hospital Ludwig-Maximilian University Munich
    University Hospital, LMU Munich)

  • Kathrin Saar

    (Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH)
    DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research))

  • Lukas Tomas

    (University Hospital, LMU Munich
    partner site Munich Heart Alliance)

  • Christian Schulz

    (University Hospital, LMU Munich
    partner site Munich Heart Alliance)

  • Andreas Wieser

    (Partner Site Munich
    University Hospital Ludwig-Maximilian University Munich)

  • Wolfgang Enard

    (Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich)

  • Inge Kroidl

    (Partner Site Munich
    University Hospital Ludwig-Maximilian University Munich)

  • Christof Geldmacher

    (Partner Site Munich
    University Hospital Ludwig-Maximilian University Munich)

  • Michael Bergwelt-Baildon

    (University Hospital, LMU Munich
    University Hospital, LMU Munich)

  • Oliver T. Keppler

    (Faculty of Medicine, LMU München
    Partner Site Munich
    University Hospital, LMU Munich)

  • Mathias Munschauer

    (Helmholtz-Center for Infection Research)

  • Matteo Iannacone

    (IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute
    Vita-Salute San Raffaele University
    IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute)

  • Ralf Zimmer

    (Ludwig-Maximilian Universität München)

  • Philipp Mertins

    (Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH))

  • Norbert Hubner

    (Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH)
    DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research))

  • Michael Hoelscher

    (Partner Site Munich
    University Hospital Ludwig-Maximilian University Munich)

  • Steffen Massberg

    (University Hospital, LMU Munich
    partner site Munich Heart Alliance)

  • Konstantin Stark

    (University Hospital, LMU Munich
    partner site Munich Heart Alliance)

  • Leo Nicolai

    (University Hospital, LMU Munich
    partner site Munich Heart Alliance)

Abstract

The antiviral immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection can limit viral spread and prevent development of pneumonic COVID-19. However, the protective immunological response associated with successful viral containment in the upper airways remains unclear. Here, we combine a multi-omics approach with longitudinal sampling to reveal temporally resolved protective immune signatures in non-pneumonic and ambulatory SARS-CoV-2 infected patients and associate specific immune trajectories with upper airway viral containment. We see a distinct systemic rather than local immune state associated with viral containment, characterized by interferon stimulated gene (ISG) upregulation across circulating immune cell subsets in non-pneumonic SARS-CoV2 infection. We report reduced cytotoxic potential of Natural Killer (NK) and T cells, and an immune-modulatory monocyte phenotype associated with protective immunity in COVID-19. Together, we show protective immune trajectories in SARS-CoV2 infection, which have important implications for patient prognosis and the development of immunomodulatory therapies.

Suggested Citation

  • Kami Pekayvaz & Alexander Leunig & Rainer Kaiser & Markus Joppich & Sophia Brambs & Aleksandar Janjic & Oliver Popp & Daniel Nixdorf & Valeria Fumagalli & Nora Schmidt & Vivien Polewka & Afra Anjum & , 2022. "Protective immune trajectories in early viral containment of non-pneumonic SARS-CoV-2 infection," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-21, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-022-28508-0
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28508-0
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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