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Kikből lettek vállalkozók?. A vállalkozóvá válás meghatározó tényezői Magyarországon a kommunizmus előtt, alatt és után
[Who became entrepreneurs?. (The factors determining how to become an entrepreneur before, during and after communism.)]

Author

Listed:
  • Róbert, Péter

Abstract

A tanulmány egy oksági modellt mutat be arra vonatkozóan, hogyan befolyásolta a vállalkozók közé való belépést a társadalmi háttér (apa foglalkozása), az iskolai befektetések (szakképzés, akadémiai képzés) s a piaci, illetve politikai beágyazottság (munkaerőpiaci tapasztalat, kommunista párttagság). Az elmúlt több mint fél évszázadot öt (a párttagság esetében csak négy) történeti periódusra osztva, az elemzés középpontjában a vállalkozóvá válás meghatározó tényezőinek időbeli változása áll. A kutatás által feltárt időbeli trendek jellegzetes szakadásokat mutatnak. A származás hatása előbb csökkent, majd napjaink felé közeledve ismét felerősödött; a szakképzettségben megtestesülő humántőke-befektetések egy ideig jól hasznosultak, később viszont megtérülésük csökkent; az akadémiai képzésbe, a kulturális tőkébe való beruházás hatása viszont tartósabb. A politikai kapitalizmus elméletet árnyalja az a kutatási eredmény, hogy vállalkozóvá váláshoz a párttagság tényénél (politikai lojalitás) fontosabb a pártban eltöltött idő hossza (felhalmozott politikai, illetve társadalmi tőke), valamint hogy a politikai tőke gazdasági tőkére való átváltása nem 1989 után, hanem már jóval korábban megkezdődött.

Suggested Citation

  • Róbert, Péter, 1999. "Kikből lettek vállalkozók?. A vállalkozóvá válás meghatározó tényezői Magyarországon a kommunizmus előtt, alatt és után [Who became entrepreneurs?. (The factors determining how to become an entrepr," Közgazdasági Szemle (Economic Review - monthly of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences), Közgazdasági Szemle Alapítvány (Economic Review Foundation), vol. 0(5), pages 403-427.
    • Handle: RePEc:ksa:szemle:251
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Czakó, Ágnes & Kuczi, Tibor & Lengyel, György & Vajda, Ágnes, 1995. "A kisvállalkozások néhány jellemzője a kilencvenes évek elején [Some characteristics of small ventures in the early nineties]," Közgazdasági Szemle (Economic Review - monthly of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences), Közgazdasági Szemle Alapítvány (Economic Review Foundation), vol. 0(4), pages 399-419.
    2. Gary S. Becker, 1975. "Human Capital: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis, with Special Reference to Education, Second Edition," NBER Books, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number beck75-1.
    3. Laky, Teréz, 1995. "A magángazdaság kialakulása és a foglalkoztatottság [Development of the private economy and employment]," Közgazdasági Szemle (Economic Review - monthly of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences), Közgazdasági Szemle Alapítvány (Economic Review Foundation), vol. 0(7), pages 685-709.
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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • A14 - General Economics and Teaching - - General Economics - - - Sociology of Economics
    • Z13 - Other Special Topics - - Cultural Economics - - - Economic Sociology; Economic Anthropology; Language; Social and Economic Stratification
    • J62 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers - - - Job, Occupational and Intergenerational Mobility; Promotion

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