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Forgiveness and Reconciliation in the Workplace: A Multi-Level Perspective and Research Agenda

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  • Michael Palanski

Abstract

Forgiveness and reconciliation have been shown to be beneficial alternatives to revenge as responses to an interpersonal offense in the workplace. Prior research on these topics, however, is often narrow in scope, focusing on only the victim. Moreover, existing research is often unclear about the relationship between forgiveness and reconciliation. In response, this article proposes a conceptual framework of forgiveness, reconciliation, and their respective antecedents which is both multi-level and interdisciplinary. This framework is used to review the nascent management-related research on forgiveness and reconciliation, and to augment this research from other fields, especially social psychology. Future research directions and managerial implications are proposed based on the multi-level model and research from other fields. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2012

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  • Michael Palanski, 2012. "Forgiveness and Reconciliation in the Workplace: A Multi-Level Perspective and Research Agenda," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 109(3), pages 275-287, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:kap:jbuset:v:109:y:2012:i:3:p:275-287
    DOI: 10.1007/s10551-011-1125-1
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Aquino, Karl & Douglas, Scott, 2003. "Identity threat and antisocial behavior in organizations: The moderating effects of individual differences, aggressive modeling, and hierarchical status," Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Elsevier, vol. 90(1), pages 195-208, January.
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    Cited by:

    1. Franziska Zuber, 2015. "Spread of Unethical Behavior in Organizations: A Dynamic Social Network Perspective," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 131(1), pages 151-172, September.
    2. Angus Robson, 2022. "Aquinas’s Principle of Misericordia in Corporations: Implications for Workers and other Stakeholders," Humanistic Management Journal, Springer, vol. 7(2), pages 233-257, October.
    3. Seele, Hagen & Eberl, Peter, 2020. "Newcomers’ reactions to unfulfilled leadership expectations: An attribution theory approach," European Management Journal, Elsevier, vol. 38(5), pages 763-776.
    4. Steven L. Grover & Marie-Aude Abid-Dupont & Caroline Manville & Markus C. Hasel, 2019. "Repairing Broken Trust Between Leaders and Followers: How Violation Characteristics Temper Apologies," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 155(3), pages 853-870, March.
    5. Nicholas DiFonzo & Anthony Alongi & Paul Wiele, 2020. "Apology, Restitution, and Forgiveness After Psychological Contract Breach," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 161(1), pages 53-69, January.
    6. Gong, Xiushuang & Wang, Hanwen & Zhang, Xiadan & Tian, Hui, 2022. "Why does service inclusion matter? The effect of service exclusion on customer indirect misbehavior," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 68(C).
    7. Long-Zeng Wu & Haina Zhang & Randy Chiu & Ho Kwan & Xiaogang He, 2014. "Hostile Attribution Bias and Negative Reciprocity Beliefs Exacerbate Incivility’s Effects on Interpersonal Deviance," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 120(2), pages 189-199, March.
    8. Gareth R. T. White & Anthony Samuel & Robert J. Thomas, 2023. "Exploring and Expanding Supererogatory Acts: Beyond Duty for a Sustainable Future," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 185(3), pages 665-688, July.
    9. Guglielmo Faldetta, 2022. "Forgiving the Unforgivable: The Possibility of the ‘Unconditional’ Forgiveness in the Workplace," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 180(1), pages 91-103, September.
    10. Jeremy D. Mackey & John D. Bishoff & Shanna R. Daniels & Wayne A. Hochwarter & Gerald R. Ferris, 2019. "Incivility’s Relationship with Workplace Outcomes: Enactment as a Boundary Condition in Two Samples," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 155(2), pages 513-528, March.
    11. Gazi Islam, 2020. "Psychology and Business Ethics: A Multi-level Research Agenda," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 165(1), pages 1-13, August.

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