IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/kap/compec/v51y2018i4d10.1007_s10614-017-9653-0.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Finite Difference Method for the Black–Scholes Equation Without Boundary Conditions

Author

Listed:
  • Darae Jeong

    (Korea University)

  • Minhyun Yoo

    (Korea University)

  • Junseok Kim

    (Korea University)

Abstract

We present an accurate and efficient finite difference method for solving the Black–Scholes (BS) equation without boundary conditions. The BS equation is a backward parabolic partial differential equation for financial option pricing and hedging. When we solve the BS equation numerically, we typically need an artificial far-field boundary condition such as the Dirichlet, Neumann, linearity, or partial differential equation boundary condition. However, in this paper, we propose an explicit finite difference scheme which does not use a far-field boundary condition to solve the BS equation numerically. The main idea of the proposed method is that we reduce one or two computational grid points and only compute the updated numerical solution on that new grid points at each time step. By using this approach, we do not need a boundary condition. This procedure works because option pricing and computation of the Greeks use the values at a couple of grid points neighboring an interesting spot. To demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of the new algorithm, we perform the numerical experiments such as pricing and computation of the Greeks of the vanilla call, cash-or-nothing, power, and powered options. The computational results show excellent agreement with analytical solutions.

Suggested Citation

  • Darae Jeong & Minhyun Yoo & Junseok Kim, 2018. "Finite Difference Method for the Black–Scholes Equation Without Boundary Conditions," Computational Economics, Springer;Society for Computational Economics, vol. 51(4), pages 961-972, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:kap:compec:v:51:y:2018:i:4:d:10.1007_s10614-017-9653-0
    DOI: 10.1007/s10614-017-9653-0
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10614-017-9653-0
    File Function: Abstract
    Download Restriction: Access to the full text of the articles in this series is restricted.
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1007/s10614-017-9653-0?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Robert C. Merton, 2005. "Theory of rational option pricing," World Scientific Book Chapters, in: Sudipto Bhattacharya & George M Constantinides (ed.), Theory Of Valuation, chapter 8, pages 229-288, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd..
    2. Rahman Farnoosh & Hamidreza Rezazadeh & Amirhossein Sobhani & M. Hossein Beheshti, 2016. "A Numerical Method for Discrete Single Barrier Option Pricing with Time-Dependent Parameters," Computational Economics, Springer;Society for Computational Economics, vol. 48(1), pages 131-145, June.
    3. Peter G Zhang, 1998. "Exotic Options:A Guide to Second Generation Options," World Scientific Books, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., number 3800, August.
    4. Mojtaba Hajipour & Alaeddin Malek, 2015. "Efficient High-Order Numerical Methods for Pricing of Options," Computational Economics, Springer;Society for Computational Economics, vol. 45(1), pages 31-47, January.
    5. Black, Fischer & Scholes, Myron S, 1973. "The Pricing of Options and Corporate Liabilities," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 81(3), pages 637-654, May-June.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Chaeyoung Lee & Soobin Kwak & Youngjin Hwang & Junseok Kim, 2023. "Accurate and Efficient Finite Difference Method for the Black–Scholes Model with No Far-Field Boundary Conditions," Computational Economics, Springer;Society for Computational Economics, vol. 61(3), pages 1207-1224, March.
    2. Mohammad Mehdizadeh Khalsaraei & Ali Shokri & Higinio Ramos & Zahra Mohammadnia & Pari Khakzad, 2022. "A Positivity-Preserving Improved Nonstandard Finite Difference Method to Solve the Black-Scholes Equation," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-16, May.
    3. Fazlollah Soleymani, 2019. "Efficient Semi-Discretization Techniques for Pricing European and American Basket Options," Computational Economics, Springer;Society for Computational Economics, vol. 53(4), pages 1487-1508, April.
    4. Chaeyoung Lee & Jisang Lyu & Eunchae Park & Wonjin Lee & Sangkwon Kim & Darae Jeong & Junseok Kim, 2020. "Super-Fast Computation for the Three-Asset Equity-Linked Securities Using the Finite Difference Method," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 8(3), pages 1-13, February.
    5. Hanbyeol Jang & Sangkwon Kim & Junhee Han & Seongjin Lee & Jungyup Ban & Hyunsoo Han & Chaeyoung Lee & Darae Jeong & Junseok Kim, 2020. "Fast Monte Carlo Simulation for Pricing Equity-Linked Securities," Computational Economics, Springer;Society for Computational Economics, vol. 56(4), pages 865-882, December.
    6. Seda Gulen & Catalin Popescu & Murat Sari, 2019. "A New Approach for the Black–Scholes Model with Linear and Nonlinear Volatilities," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 7(8), pages 1-14, August.
    7. Purba Banerjee & Vasudeva Murthy & Shashi Jain, 2021. "Method of lines for valuation and sensitivities of Bermudan options," Papers 2112.01287, arXiv.org.
    8. Sangkwon Kim & Darae Jeong & Chaeyoung Lee & Junseok Kim, 2020. "Finite Difference Method for the Multi-Asset Black–Scholes Equations," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 8(3), pages 1-17, March.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Ahmad Golbabai & Omid Nikan, 2020. "A Computational Method Based on the Moving Least-Squares Approach for Pricing Double Barrier Options in a Time-Fractional Black–Scholes Model," Computational Economics, Springer;Society for Computational Economics, vol. 55(1), pages 119-141, January.
    2. Alex Garivaltis, 2019. "Cover's Rebalancing Option With Discrete Hindsight Optimization," Papers 1903.00829, arXiv.org, revised Oct 2022.
    3. Chaeyoung Lee & Soobin Kwak & Youngjin Hwang & Junseok Kim, 2023. "Accurate and Efficient Finite Difference Method for the Black–Scholes Model with No Far-Field Boundary Conditions," Computational Economics, Springer;Society for Computational Economics, vol. 61(3), pages 1207-1224, March.
    4. Detlef Seese & Christof Weinhardt & Frank Schlottmann (ed.), 2008. "Handbook on Information Technology in Finance," International Handbooks on Information Systems, Springer, number 978-3-540-49487-4, November.
    5. Suresh M. Sundaresan, 2000. "Continuous‐Time Methods in Finance: A Review and an Assessment," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 55(4), pages 1569-1622, August.
    6. Zhang, Xiaoyuan & Zhang, Tianqi, 2022. "Barrier option pricing under a Markov Regime switching diffusion model," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 273-280.
    7. Gao, Rong & Wu, Wei & Lang, Chao & Lang, Liying, 2020. "Geometric Asian barrier option pricing formulas of uncertain stock model," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 140(C).
    8. Weihan Li & Jin E. Zhang & Xinfeng Ruan & Pakorn Aschakulporn, 2024. "An empirical study on the early exercise premium of American options: Evidence from OEX and XEO options," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 44(7), pages 1117-1153, July.
    9. Jun, Doobae & Ku, Hyejin, 2015. "Static hedging of chained-type barrier options," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 33(C), pages 317-327.
    10. Thomas Kokholm & Martin Stisen, 2015. "Joint pricing of VIX and SPX options with stochastic volatility and jump models," Journal of Risk Finance, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 16(1), pages 27-48, January.
    11. Boyarchenko, Svetlana & Levendorskii[caron], Sergei, 2007. "Optimal stopping made easy," Journal of Mathematical Economics, Elsevier, vol. 43(2), pages 201-217, February.
    12. Robert C. Merton, 2006. "Paul Samuelson and Financial Economics," The American Economist, Sage Publications, vol. 50(2), pages 9-31, October.
    13. Ammann, Manuel & Kind, Axel & Wilde, Christian, 2003. "Are convertible bonds underpriced? An analysis of the French market," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 27(4), pages 635-653, April.
    14. Sergio Zúñiga, 1999. "Modelos de Tasas de Interés en Chile: Una Revisión," Latin American Journal of Economics-formerly Cuadernos de Economía, Instituto de Economía. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile., vol. 36(108), pages 875-893.
    15. Zhijian (James) Huang & Yuchen Luo, 2016. "Revisiting Structural Modeling of Credit Risk—Evidence from the Credit Default Swap (CDS) Market," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 9(2), pages 1-20, May.
    16. René Garcia & Richard Luger & Eric Renault, 2000. "Asymmetric Smiles, Leverage Effects and Structural Parameters," Working Papers 2000-57, Center for Research in Economics and Statistics.
    17. Mastinšek Miklavž, 2015. "Reduction of the Mean Hedging Transaction Costs / Redukcija povprečnih transakcijskih stroškov hedging tehnike," Naše gospodarstvo/Our economy, Sciendo, vol. 61(5), pages 23-31, October.
    18. Jérôme Detemple, 1999. "American Options: Symmetry Properties," CIRANO Working Papers 99s-45, CIRANO.
    19. Yeap, Claudia & Kwok, Simon S. & Choy, S. T. Boris, 2016. "A Flexible Generalised Hyperbolic Option Pricing Model and its Special Cases," Working Papers 2016-14, University of Sydney, School of Economics.
    20. Bjork, Tomas, 2009. "Arbitrage Theory in Continuous Time," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, edition 3, number 9780199574742.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:kap:compec:v:51:y:2018:i:4:d:10.1007_s10614-017-9653-0. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.springer.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.