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Mitigating the Impact of Harmful Algal Blooms on Aquaculture Using Technological Interventions: Case Study on a South African Farm

Author

Listed:
  • Tahmina Ajmal

    (Institute for Research in Engineering and Sustainable Environment (IRESE), University of Bedfordshire, Park Square, Luton LU1 3JU, UK)

  • Fazeel Mohammed

    (Institute for Research in Engineering and Sustainable Environment (IRESE), University of Bedfordshire, Park Square, Luton LU1 3JU, UK)

  • Martin S. Goodchild

    (Institute for Research in Engineering and Sustainable Environment (IRESE), University of Bedfordshire, Park Square, Luton LU1 3JU, UK)

  • Jipsy Sudarsanan

    (Institute for Research in Engineering and Sustainable Environment (IRESE), University of Bedfordshire, Park Square, Luton LU1 3JU, UK)

  • Sarah Halse

    (Abagold Limited, Hermanus 7200, South Africa)

Abstract

Seafood, especially from the ocean, is now seen as a greener and more sustainable source of protein, causing an increase in its demand. This has also led to people making choices towards seafood as a replacement for carbon-intensive protein sources. As a result, the demand for seafood is growing, and as the aquaculture industry looks to increase production, keeping products safe and sustainable is imperative. There are many challenges faced by the aquaculture industry in meeting these increased demands. One such challenge is the presence of harmful algal blooms (HABs) in the ocean, which can have a major impact on aquatic life. In this paper, we look at the impact of this challenge on aquaculture and monitoring strategies whilst illustrating the potential for technological interventions to help mitigate the impact of an HAB. We will focus on Abagold Limited, a land-based marine aquaculture business that specialises in the large-scale production of abalone ( Haliotis midae ) based in Hermanus, South Africa. HABs are considered a threat to commercial-scale abalone farming along the South African coastline and require continuous monitoring. The most recent HAB was in February–April 2019, when the area experienced a severe red-tide event with blooms of predominantly Lingulodinium polyedrum . We present some of the monitoring strategies employing digital technologies to future-proof the industry. This article presents the development of a novel hybrid water quality forecasting model based on a TriLux multi-parameter sensor to monitor key water quality parameters. The actual experimental real water quality data from Abagold Limited show a good correlation as a basis for a forecasting model which would be a useful tool for the management of HABs in the aquaculture industry.

Suggested Citation

  • Tahmina Ajmal & Fazeel Mohammed & Martin S. Goodchild & Jipsy Sudarsanan & Sarah Halse, 2024. "Mitigating the Impact of Harmful Algal Blooms on Aquaculture Using Technological Interventions: Case Study on a South African Farm," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-15, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:16:y:2024:i:9:p:3650-:d:1383798
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Rodríguez Rodríguez, Gonzalo & Villasante, Sebastián & Carme García-Negro, María do, 2011. "Are red tides affecting economically the commercialization of the Galician (NW Spain) mussel farming?," Marine Policy, Elsevier, vol. 35(2), pages 252-257, March.
    2. Daniel G. Boyce & Marlon R. Lewis & Boris Worm, 2010. "Global phytoplankton decline over the past century," Nature, Nature, vol. 466(7306), pages 591-596, July.
    3. Sangmok Lee & Donghyun Lee, 2018. "Improved Prediction of Harmful Algal Blooms in Four Major South Korea’s Rivers Using Deep Learning Models," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-15, June.
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