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Floating PV Systems as an Alternative Power Source: Case Study on Three Representative Islands of Indonesia

Author

Listed:
  • Ignacio Esparza

    (School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Ángela Olábarri Candela

    (School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Luofeng Huang

    (School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK)

  • Yifeng Yang

    (School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK
    Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, London WC1E 7JE, UK)

  • Chayun Budiono

    (Gerbang Multindo Nusantara PT, 16 Jalan Sapta Taruna Raya, Jakarta 12310, Indonesia)

  • Soegeng Riyadi

    (PT Orela Shipyard, Jl Raya Ngemboh RT2RW1, Kabupaten Gresik 61154, Indonesia)

  • Wolter Hetharia

    (Department of Naval Architecture, University of Pattimura, Ambon 97223, Indonesia)

  • Ridho Hantoro

    (Department of Engineering Physics, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia)

  • Dony Setyawan

    (Department of Naval Architecture, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia)

  • I. K. A. P. Utama

    (Department of Naval Architecture, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia)

  • Tim Wood

    (Unit 2 Black Robins Farm, Achelous Energy Ltd., Edenbridge TN8 6QP, UK)

  • Zhenhua Luo

    (School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK)

Abstract

Floating solar renewable energy is of enormous potential in Indonesia. This paper presents a comprehensive study of the design of Floating Photovoltaic (FPV) systems with Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) for three islands in Indonesia. These islands represent three typical scenarios in Indonesia (a) using a national grid powered by fossil fuel generators, (b) using a local grid powered by diesel generators, and (c) no grid at all. In-person surveys were conducted at these islands to collect data, and then FPV and BESS were designed to meet the demands of each island. Subsequently, the systems’ energy simulations were conducted using the System Advisor Model, demonstrating daily energy demand and supply in hour variation. Based on the results, a series of sustainability analyses were created from the aspects of economics, society, and the environment. The economic analysis demonstrated cost savings by using FPV to replace contemporary energy methods. The social analysis provides valuable insights into the local community, forming a demographic profile and obtaining perceptions and opinions regarding the new energy approach. The environmental analysis quantifies the potential CO 2 emissions. Overall, the work provides valuable insights into the roadmap for implementing floating solar technologies in Indonesia which can also inform global ocean-based solar energy developments.

Suggested Citation

  • Ignacio Esparza & Ángela Olábarri Candela & Luofeng Huang & Yifeng Yang & Chayun Budiono & Soegeng Riyadi & Wolter Hetharia & Ridho Hantoro & Dony Setyawan & I. K. A. P. Utama & Tim Wood & Zhenhua Luo, 2024. "Floating PV Systems as an Alternative Power Source: Case Study on Three Representative Islands of Indonesia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-26, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:16:y:2024:i:3:p:1345-:d:1333895
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Keiner, Dominik & Salcedo-Puerto, Orlando & Immonen, Ekaterina & van Sark, Wilfried G.J.H.M. & Nizam, Yoosuf & Shadiya, Fathmath & Duval, Justine & Delahaye, Timur & Gulagi, Ashish & Breyer, Christian, 2022. "Powering an island energy system by offshore floating technologies towards 100% renewables: A case for the Maldives," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 308(C).
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