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Characterization of Waste Biomass Fuel Prepared from Coffee and Tea Production: Its Properties, Combustion, and Emissions

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  • Shangrong Wu

    (Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan)

  • Qingyue Wang

    (Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan)

  • Weiqian Wang

    (Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan)

  • Yanyan Wang

    (Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan)

  • Dawei Lu

    (Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan)

Abstract

In order to reduce global warming, new energy fuels that use waste biomass to replace traditional coal are rapidly developing. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the feasibility behavior of different biomass materials such as spent coffee grounds (SCGs) and spent tea grounds (STGs) as fuel during combustion and their impact on the environment. This study involves using fuel shaping and co-firing methods to increase the fuel calorific value and reduce the emissions of pollutants, such as NO X and SO 2 , and greenhouse gas CO 2 . The produced gas content was analyzed using the HORIBA (PG-250) laboratory combustion apparatus. The results indicate that, among the measured formed particles, SCG:STG = 8:2, 6:4, and 4:6 had the lowest post-combustion pollutant gas emissions. Compared to using only waste coffee grounds as fuel, the NOx emissions were reduced from 166 ppm to 102 ppm, the CO emissions were reduced from 22 ppm to 12 ppm, and the CO 2 emissions were reduced from 629 ppm to 323 ppm. In addition, the emission of SO 2 , the main component of acid rain, was reduced by 20 times compared to the combustion of traditional fuels. The SO 2 emission of five different proportions of biomass fuels was 5 ppm, which is much lower than that of traditional coal fuels. Therefore, SCG and STG mixed fuels can replace coal as fuel while reducing harmful gasses.

Suggested Citation

  • Shangrong Wu & Qingyue Wang & Weiqian Wang & Yanyan Wang & Dawei Lu, 2024. "Characterization of Waste Biomass Fuel Prepared from Coffee and Tea Production: Its Properties, Combustion, and Emissions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-16, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:16:y:2024:i:17:p:7246-:d:1462220
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Cai, Junmeng & He, Yifeng & Yu, Xi & Banks, Scott W. & Yang, Yang & Zhang, Xingguang & Yu, Yang & Liu, Ronghou & Bridgwater, Anthony V., 2017. "Review of physicochemical properties and analytical characterization of lignocellulosic biomass," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 309-322.
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