IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v15y2023i7p5850-d1109353.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Pursuing the Sustainability of Real Estate Market: The Case of Chinese Land Resources Diversification

Author

Listed:
  • Cheng-Wen Lee

    (Department of International Business, Chung-Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 32023, Taiwan)

  • Shu-Hen Chiang

    (Department of Finance, Chung-Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan)

  • Zhong-Qin Wen

    (Department of International Business, Zhejiang Industry & Trade Vocational College, Wenzhou 325000, China)

Abstract

Numerous studies have focused on the ripple effect in housing markets; however, these studies often fail to grasp the critical role of commercial real estate land use when forming a real estate portfolio. We argue that spreading an investment across various land-use assets—namely, diversification—may be effective in stabilizing and balancing China’s housing market through the introduction of the ripple effect. In six Chinese mega-cities, the cointegration system is initially used to prove the existence of ripple effects. A causality test can then identify the source cities: Beijing and Chongqing in the residential market, and Shenzhen and Chongqing in the commercial market. Finally, the authorities should enforce the differentiated measures by “depressing the housing market while encouraging the commercial market” in the respective target cities; this approach could efficiently ripple out to other cities. It is believed that the policy of land resources diversification can enable the Chinese real estate market to achieve more sustainable development.

Suggested Citation

  • Cheng-Wen Lee & Shu-Hen Chiang & Zhong-Qin Wen, 2023. "Pursuing the Sustainability of Real Estate Market: The Case of Chinese Land Resources Diversification," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-19, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:7:p:5850-:d:1109353
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/7/5850/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/7/5850/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. DeFusco, Anthony & Ding, Wenjie & Ferreira, Fernando & Gyourko, Joseph, 2018. "The role of price spillovers in the American housing boom," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 108(C), pages 72-84.
    2. Joseph Gyourko & Edward Nelling, 1996. "Systematic Risk and Diversification in the Equity REIT Market," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 24(4), pages 493-515, December.
    3. MacKinnon, James G & Haug, Alfred A & Michelis, Leo, 1999. "Numerical Distribution Functions of Likelihood Ratio Tests for Cointegration," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 14(5), pages 563-577, Sept.-Oct.
    4. Peter C. B. Phillips & Shuping Shi & Jun Yu, 2014. "Specification Sensitivity in Right-Tailed Unit Root Testing for Explosive Behaviour," Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Department of Economics, University of Oxford, vol. 76(3), pages 315-333, June.
    5. Davis, Morris A., 2009. "The price and quantity of land by legal form of organization in the United States," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 39(3), pages 350-359, May.
    6. Carol Alexander & Michael Barrow, 1994. "Seasonality and Cointegration of Regional House Prices in the UK," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 31(10), pages 1667-1689, December.
    7. John M. Clapp & Walter Dolde & Dogan Tirtiroglu, 1995. "Imperfect Information and Investor Inferences From Housing Price Dynamics," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 23(3), pages 239-269, September.
    8. Omid Ranjbar & Hassan F. Gholipour & Behnaz Saboori & Tsangyao Chang, 2022. "Tehran’s house price ripple effects in Iran: application of bootstrap asymmetric panel granger non-causality in the frequency domain," Housing Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 37(9), pages 1566-1597, September.
    9. Zhang, Chengsi, 2013. "Money, housing, and inflation in China," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, vol. 35(1), pages 75-87.
    10. David Hartzell & John Hekman & Mike Miles, 1986. "Diversification Categories in Investment Real Estate," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 14(2), pages 230-254, June.
    11. Gong, Yunlong & Hu, Jinxing & Boelhouwer, Peter J., 2016. "Spatial interrelations of Chinese housing markets: Spatial causality, convergence and diffusion," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 103-117.
    12. Mehmet Balcilar & Abebe Beyene & Rangan Gupta & Monaheng Seleteng, 2013. "‘Ripple’ Effects in South African House Prices," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 50(5), pages 876-894, April.
    13. Chien-Fu Chen & Shu-hen Chiang, 2020. "Time-varying spillovers among first-tier housing markets in China," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 57(4), pages 844-864, March.
    14. Rangan Gupta & Stephen Miller, 2012. "“Ripple effects” and forecasting home prices in Los Angeles, Las Vegas, and Phoenix," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 48(3), pages 763-782, June.
    15. Holly, Sean & Hashem Pesaran, M. & Yamagata, Takashi, 2011. "The spatial and temporal diffusion of house prices in the UK," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 69(1), pages 2-23, January.
    16. Zan Yang & Jie Chen, 2014. "Housing Reform and the Housing Market in Urban China," SpringerBriefs in Economics, in: Housing Affordability and Housing Policy in Urban China, edition 127, chapter 0, pages 15-43, Springer.
    17. Joseph Gyourko, 2009. "Understanding Commercial Real Estate: Just How Different from Housing Is It?," NBER Working Papers 14708, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    18. Mei-Se Chien, 2010. "Structural Breaks and the Convergence of Regional House Prices," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 40(1), pages 77-88, January.
    19. Foort Hamelink & Martin Hoesli, 2004. "What Factors Determine International Real Estate Security Returns?," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 32(3), pages 437-462, September.
    20. Walter Dolde & Dogan Tirtiroglu, 1997. "Temporal and Spatial Information Diffusion in Real Estate Price Changes and Variances," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 25(4), pages 539-565, December.
    21. William W. Chow & Michael K. Fung & Arnold C. S. Cheng, 2016. "Convergence and spillover of house prices in Chinese cities," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 48(51), pages 4922-4941, November.
    22. Jeffrey P. Cohen & Jeffrey Zabel, 2020. "Local House Price Diffusion," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 48(3), pages 710-743, September.
    23. Alfred Larm Teye & Daniel Felix Ahelegbey, 2017. "Spatial and Temporal House Price Diffusion in the Netherlands: A Bayesian Network Approach," ERES eres2017_337, European Real Estate Society (ERES).
    24. John Gallo & Ying Zhang, 2010. "Global Property Market Diversification," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 41(4), pages 458-485, November.
    25. Mustapha Bangura & Chyi Lin Lee, 2020. "House price diffusion of housing submarkets in Greater Sydney," Housing Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 35(6), pages 1110-1141, July.
    26. Jin Hu & Xuelei Xiong & Yuanyuan Cai & Feng Yuan, 2020. "The Ripple Effect and Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Intra-Urban Housing Prices at the Submarket Level in Shanghai, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-17, June.
    27. Ghebreegziabiher Debrezion & Eric Pels & Piet Rietveld, 2007. "The Impact of Railway Stations on Residential and Commercial Property Value: A Meta-analysis," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 35(2), pages 161-180, August.
    28. Clapp, John M. & Tirtiroglu, Dogan, 1994. "Positive feedback trading and diffusion of asset price changes: Evidence from housing transactions," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 24(3), pages 337-355, August.
    29. Yu Kong & John L. Glascock & Ran Lu-Andrews, 2016. "An Investigation into Real Estate Investment and Economic Growth in China: A Dynamic Panel Data Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(1), pages 1-18, January.
    30. Brzezicka, Justyna & Łaszek, Jacek & Olszewski, Krzysztof & Waszczuk, Joanna, 2019. "Analysis of the filtering process and the ripple effect on the primary and secondary housing market in Warsaw, Poland," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 88(C).
    31. Tsai, I-Chun & Chiang, Shu-Hen, 2019. "Exuberance and spillovers in housing markets: Evidence from first- and second-tier cities in China," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 75-86.
    32. Roel Helgers & Erik Buyst, 2016. "Spatial and Temporal Diffusion of Housing Prices in the Presence of a Linguistic Border: Evidence from Belgium," Spatial Economic Analysis, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 11(1), pages 92-122, March.
    33. Dennis R. Capozza & Paul J. Seguin, 1998. "Managerial Style and Firm Value," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 26(1), pages 131-150, March.
    34. Teye, Alfred Larm & Ahelegbey, Daniel Felix, 2017. "Detecting spatial and temporal house price diffusion in the Netherlands: A Bayesian network approach," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 56-64.
    35. Angela Black & Patricia Fraser & Martin Hoesli, 2006. "House Prices, Fundamentals and Bubbles," Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 33(9‐10), pages 1535-1555, November.
    36. Nichols, Joseph B. & Oliner, Stephen D. & Mulhall, Michael R., 2013. "Swings in commercial and residential land prices in the United States," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 73(1), pages 57-76.
    37. Chen, Pei-Fen & Chien, Mei-Se & Lee, Chien-Chiang, 2011. "Dynamic modeling of regional house price diffusion in Taiwan," Journal of Housing Economics, Elsevier, vol. 20(4), pages 315-332.
    38. Hurn, Stan & Shi, Shuping & Wang, Ben, 2022. "Housing networks and driving forces," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 134(C).
    39. Shu-hen Chiang, 2014. "Housing Markets in China and Policy Implications: Comovement or Ripple Effect," China & World Economy, Institute of World Economics and Politics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, vol. 22(6), pages 103-120, November.
    40. Wu, Jing & Gyourko, Joseph & Deng, Yongheng, 2012. "Evaluating conditions in major Chinese housing markets," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 42(3), pages 531-543.
    41. Ivo Wit, 2010. "International Diversification Strategies for Direct Real Estate," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 41(4), pages 433-457, November.
    42. McDonald, Ronald & Taylor, Mark P, 1993. "Regional House Prices in Britain: Long-Run Relationships and Short-Run Dynamics," Scottish Journal of Political Economy, Scottish Economic Society, vol. 40(1), pages 43-55, February.
    43. Jie Chen & Feng Guo & Aiyong Zhu, 2011. "The Housing-led Growth Hypothesis Revisited," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 48(10), pages 2049-2067, August.
    44. I-Chun Tsai, 2022. "Features of the ripple effect in the US regional housing markets: a viewpoint of nonsynchronous trading," International Journal of Urban Sciences, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 26(3), pages 373-397, July.
    45. Zan Yang & Jie Chen, 2014. "Housing Affordability and Housing Policy in Urban China," SpringerBriefs in Economics, Springer, edition 127, number 978-3-642-54044-8, June.
    46. Song Shi & Martin Young & Bob Hargreaves, 2009. "The ripple effect of local house price movements in New Zealand," Journal of Property Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 26(1), pages 1-24, April.
    47. Nafeesa Yunus & Peggy E. Swanson, 2013. "A Closer Look at the U.S. Housing Market: Modeling Relationships among Regions," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 41(3), pages 542-568, September.
    48. Fang Zhang & Bruce Morley, 2014. "The convergence of regional house prices in China," Applied Economics Letters, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 21(3), pages 205-208, February.
    49. Enwei Zhu & Jing Wu & Hongyu Liu & Xindian Li, 2022. "Within‐City Spatial Distribution, Heterogeneity and Diffusion of House Price: Evidence from a Spatiotemporal Index for Beijing," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 50(3), pages 621-655, September.
    50. Chengsi Zhang & Guojun An & Xin Yu, 2012. "What Drives China's House Prices: Marriage or Money?," China & World Economy, Institute of World Economics and Politics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, vol. 20(4), pages 19-36, July.
    51. Toda, Hiro Y. & Yamamoto, Taku, 1995. "Statistical inference in vector autoregressions with possibly integrated processes," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 66(1-2), pages 225-250.
    52. Peter C. B. Phillips & Shu-Ping Shi & Jun Yu, 2011. "Specification Sensitivity in Right-Tailed Unit Root Testing for Explosive Behavior," Working Papers 15-2011, Singapore Management University, School of Economics.
    53. Tan, Zhengxun & Tang, Qianqian & Meng, Juan, 2022. "The effect of monetary policy on China’s housing prices before and after 2017: A dynamic analysis in DSGE model," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C).
    54. Johansen, Soren, 1995. "Likelihood-Based Inference in Cointegrated Vector Autoregressive Models," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780198774501.
    55. Lok Ho & Yue Ma & Donald Haurin, 2008. "Domino Effects Within a Housing Market: The Transmission of House Price Changes Across Quality Tiers," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 37(4), pages 299-316, November.
    56. Eddie C.M. Hui & Xian Zheng, 2012. "Exploring the dynamic relationship between housing and retail property markets: an empirical study of Hong Kong," Journal of Property Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 29(2), pages 85-102, March.
    57. Chien-Chiang Lee & Mei-Se Chien, 2011. "Empirical Modelling of Regional House Prices and the Ripple Effect," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 48(10), pages 2029-2047, August.
    58. Heston, Steven L. & Rouwenhorst, K. Geert, 1994. "Does industrial structure explain the benefits of international diversification?," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 36(1), pages 3-27, August.
    59. Leeyoung Kim & Wonseok Seo, 2021. "Micro-Analysis of Price Spillover Effect among Regional Housing Submarkets in Korea: Evidence from the Seoul Metropolitan Area," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-21, August.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Tsai, I-Chun & Chiang, Shu-Hen, 2019. "Exuberance and spillovers in housing markets: Evidence from first- and second-tier cities in China," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 75-86.
    2. Shu-hen Chiang, 2014. "Housing Markets in China and Policy Implications: Comovement or Ripple Effect," China & World Economy, Institute of World Economics and Politics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, vol. 22(6), pages 103-120, November.
    3. Jin Hu & Xuelei Xiong & Yuanyuan Cai & Feng Yuan, 2020. "The Ripple Effect and Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Intra-Urban Housing Prices at the Submarket Level in Shanghai, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-17, June.
    4. Chien-Fu Chen & Shu-hen Chiang, 2020. "Time-varying spillovers among first-tier housing markets in China," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 57(4), pages 844-864, March.
    5. Gong, Yunlong & Hu, Jinxing & Boelhouwer, Peter J., 2016. "Spatial interrelations of Chinese housing markets: Spatial causality, convergence and diffusion," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 103-117.
    6. Chen, Pei-Fen & Chien, Mei-Se & Lee, Chien-Chiang, 2011. "Dynamic modeling of regional house price diffusion in Taiwan," Journal of Housing Economics, Elsevier, vol. 20(4), pages 315-332.
    7. Xiandeng Jiang & Le Chang & Yanlin Shi, 2023. "Housing price diffusions in mainland China: evidence from a spatially penalized graphical VAR model," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 64(2), pages 765-795, February.
    8. James E. Payne & Xiaojin Sun, 2023. "Time‐varying connectedness of metropolitan housing markets," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 51(2), pages 470-502, March.
    9. Williams, Joseph, 2018. "Housing markets with endogenous search: Theory and implications," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 105(C), pages 107-120.
    10. Enwei Zhu & Jing Wu & Hongyu Liu & Xindian Li, 2022. "Within‐City Spatial Distribution, Heterogeneity and Diffusion of House Price: Evidence from a Spatiotemporal Index for Beijing," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 50(3), pages 621-655, September.
    11. David Gray, 2015. "Hidden Properties of Irish House Price Vintages," Housing Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 30(8), pages 1317-1353, November.
    12. Jeffrey P. Cohen & Cletus C. Coughlin & Daniel Soques, 2019. "House Price Growth Interdependencies and Comovement," Working Papers 2019-028, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, revised 11 Jan 2021.
    13. Chien-Chiang Lee & Mei-Se Chien, 2011. "Empirical Modelling of Regional House Prices and the Ripple Effect," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 48(10), pages 2029-2047, August.
    14. Hsiao-Jung Teng & Chin-Oh Chang & Ming-Chi Chen, 2017. "Housing bubble contagion from city centre to suburbs," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 54(6), pages 1463-1481, May.
    15. Lu, Yunzhi & Li, Jie & Yang, Haisheng, 2021. "Time-varying inter-urban housing price spillovers in China: Causes and consequences," Journal of Asian Economics, Elsevier, vol. 77(C).
    16. Lu Liu & Linda Qiu & Yuanyuan Yang, 2022. "Urban housing prices within a core urban agglomeration in China," SN Business & Economics, Springer, vol. 2(11), pages 1-38, November.
    17. Dayong Zhang & Qiang Ji & Wan-Li Zhao & Nicholas J Horsewood, 2021. "Regional housing price dependency in the UK: A dynamic network approach," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 58(5), pages 1014-1031, April.
    18. Hassan Gholipour Fereidouni & Usama Al-Mulali & Janice Y. M. Lee & Abdul Hakim Mohammed, 2016. "Dynamic Relationship between House Prices in Malaysia's Major Economic Regions and Singapore House Prices," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 50(4), pages 657-670, April.
    19. Hernán Enríquez Sierra & Jacobo Campo Robledo & Antonio Avendaño Arosemena, 2015. "Relaciones regionales en los precios de vivienda nueva en Colombia," Revista Ecos de Economía, Universidad EAFIT, vol. 19(40), pages 25-47, June.
    20. Teye, Alfred Larm & Ahelegbey, Daniel Felix, 2017. "Detecting spatial and temporal house price diffusion in the Netherlands: A Bayesian network approach," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 56-64.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:7:p:5850-:d:1109353. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.