IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v15y2023i6p5130-d1096786.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Stereotypes and Prejudices as (Non) Attractors for Willingness to Revisit Tourist-Spatial Hotspots in Serbia

Author

Listed:
  • Tamara Gajić

    (Geographical Institute “Jovan Cvijić”, Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts (SASA), 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
    Institute of Sports, Tourism and Service, South Ural State University, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia
    Faculty of Hotel Management and Tourism, University of Kragujevac, 36210 Vrnjačka Banja, Serbia)

  • Ivana Blešić

    (Institute of Sports, Tourism and Service, South Ural State University, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia
    Department of Geography, Tourism and Hotel Management, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia)

  • Marko D. Petrović

    (Geographical Institute “Jovan Cvijić”, Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts (SASA), 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
    Institute of Sports, Tourism and Service, South Ural State University, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia)

  • Milan M. Radovanović

    (Geographical Institute “Jovan Cvijić”, Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts (SASA), 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
    Institute of Sports, Tourism and Service, South Ural State University, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia)

  • Filip Đoković

    (College of Organizational Studies—EDUKA, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia)

  • Dunja Demirović Bajrami

    (Geographical Institute “Jovan Cvijić”, Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts (SASA), 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
    Institute of Sports, Tourism and Service, South Ural State University, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia)

  • Sanja Kovačić

    (Institute of Sports, Tourism and Service, South Ural State University, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia
    Department of Geography, Tourism and Hotel Management, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia)

  • Ivana Jošanov Vrgović

    (College of Organizational Studies—EDUKA, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia)

  • Tatyana N. Tretyakova

    (Institute of Sports, Tourism and Service, South Ural State University, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia)

  • Julia A. Syromiatnikova

    (Institute of Sports, Tourism and Service, South Ural State University, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia)

Abstract

Despite the fact that the topic of the influence of stereotypes and prejudices on the loyalty and willingness of tourists to visit a destination again is increasingly common in world publications, researchers have yet to examine this relationship. The aim of this research is precisely to assess the influence of stereotypes and prejudices (S&P) in the system of other attractors of tourist visits, on the loyalty and willingness of foreign visitors to revisit Serbia as a tourist destination. It is known that Serbia possesses large natural and anthropogenic resources as a basis for tourism development, but it is also known for numerous prejudices and stereotypes, which can potentially dictate loyalty to the destination and the behavior of tourists. The results obtained by the Path analysis show that stereotypes and prejudices, among 892 randomly selected foreign tourists, have a more significant direct influence on the dimensions of loyalty and revisiting Serbia compared to other factors. Further analysis showed that foreign tourists consider the Serbian people to be arrogant, with expressed nationalism and a preserved traditional social approach, as well as that middle-aged tourists show the highest loyalty and willingness to visit again after evaluating all the aforementioned factors. Limitations of the research were related to a lack of understanding of the language and non-cooperation on the part of the respondents. The results of the research have theoretical and applied importance as information for future research in Serbia and beyond, but also for improving the management strategy of tourism development.

Suggested Citation

  • Tamara Gajić & Ivana Blešić & Marko D. Petrović & Milan M. Radovanović & Filip Đoković & Dunja Demirović Bajrami & Sanja Kovačić & Ivana Jošanov Vrgović & Tatyana N. Tretyakova & Julia A. Syromiatniko, 2023. "Stereotypes and Prejudices as (Non) Attractors for Willingness to Revisit Tourist-Spatial Hotspots in Serbia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-22, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:6:p:5130-:d:1096786
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/6/5130/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/6/5130/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Zsuzsanna Kassai & József Káposzta & Krisztián Ritter & Lóránt Dávid & Henrietta Nagy & Tibor Farkas, 2016. "The Territorial Significance Of Food Hungaricums: The Case Of Pálinka," Romanian Journal of Regional Science, Romanian Regional Science Association, vol. 10(2), pages 64-84, December.
    2. Peter Magnusson & Stanford A. Westjohn & Nancy J. Sirianni, 2019. "Beyond country image favorability: How brand positioning via country personality stereotypes enhances brand evaluations," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 50(3), pages 318-338, April.
    3. Tamara Gajić & Dragan Vukolić & Marko D. Petrović & Ivana Blešić & Miloš Zrnić & Drago Cvijanović & Dejan Sekulić & Ana Spasojević & Maja Obradović & Ana Obradović & Ilija Savić & Jasmina M. Jovanović, 2022. "Risks in the Role of Co-Creating the Future of Tourism in “Stigmatized” Destinations," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-19, November.
    4. Marko D. Petrović & Dobrila Lukić & Milan M. Radovanović & Ivana Blešić & Tamara Gajić & Dunja Demirović Bajrami & Julia A. Syromiatnikova & Đurđa Miljković & Sanja Kovačić & Marija Kostić, 2023. "How Can Tufa Deposits Contribute to the Geotourism Offer? The Outcomes from the First UNESCO Global Geopark in Serbia," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-18, January.
    5. Mauricio Carvache-Franco & Daniel Contreras-Moscol & Miguel Orden-Mejía & Wilmer Carvache-Franco & Héctor Vera-Holguin & Orly Carvache-Franco, 2022. "Motivations and Loyalty of the Demand for Adventure Tourism as Sustainable Travel," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-17, July.
    6. Milan Ćulić & Miroslav D. Vujičić & Časlav Kalinić & Milosav Dunjić & Uglješa Stankov & Sanja Kovačić & Đorđije A. Vasiljević & Željko Anđelković, 2021. "Rookie Tourism Destinations—The Effects of Attractiveness Factors on Destination Image and Revisit Intention with the Satisfaction Mediation Effect," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-16, May.
    7. Baruch Fischhoff & Wändi Bruine De Bruin & Wendy Perrin & Julie Downs, 2004. "Travel Risks in a Time of Terror: Judgments and Choices," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 24(5), pages 1301-1309, October.
    8. Saeed Samiee, 1994. "Customer Evaluation of Products in a Global Market," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 25(3), pages 579-604, September.
    9. Liyun Zeng & Rita Yi Man Li, 2021. "Tourist Satisfaction, Willingness to Revisit and Recommend, and Mountain Kangyang Tourism Spots Sustainability: A Structural Equation Modelling Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-20, September.
    10. Syahmardi Yacob & Erida Erida & Ade Perdana Siregar, 2021. "The loyalty of rural tourism destination: A perspective of destination quality perception, satisfaction, and behavior intention in Indonesia," International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147-4478), Center for the Strategic Studies in Business and Finance, vol. 10(7), pages 257-265, October.
    11. Roth, Katharina P. & Diamantopoulos, Adamantios, 2009. "Advancing the country image construct," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 62(7), pages 726-740, July.
    12. Michelle Spence, 2002. "The Effect of Age on the Probability of Participation in Wildlife-Related Activities: A Birth Year Cohort Study," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 84(5), pages 1384-1389.
    13. Sanja Kovačić & Tamara Jovanović & Miroslav D. Vujičić & Alastair M. Morrison & James Kennell, 2022. "What Shapes Activity Preferences? The Role of Tourist Personality, Destination Personality and Destination Image: Evidence from Serbia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(3), pages 1-22, February.
    14. K. Roth & A. Diamantopoulos, 2009. "Advancing the country image construct," Post-Print hal-00787417, HAL.
    15. Hosany, Sameer & Ekinci, Yuksel & Uysal, Muzaffer, 2006. "Destination image and destination personality: An application of branding theories to tourism places," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 59(5), pages 638-642, May.
    16. Bourdin, David & Halkias, Georgios & Makri, Katerina, 2021. "The compensatory influences of country stereotypes and the global/local nature of brands: An extended framework," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 137(C), pages 28-38.
    17. Huanchen Tang & Ruiqi Wang & Xiaowen Jin & Zhengzheng Zhang, 2022. "The Effects of Motivation, Destination Image and Satisfaction on Rural Tourism Tourists’ Willingness to Revisit," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-17, September.
    18. Halkias, Georgios & Davvetas, Vasileios & Diamantopoulos, Adamantios, 2016. "The interplay between country stereotypes and perceived brand globalness/localness as drivers of brand preference," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 69(9), pages 3621-3628.
    19. Qiu, Wei & Chen, Yan & Zheng, Xin & Lv, Xingyang, 2023. "What do tourists look like to destination residents? Development of a tourist image scale from a high cultural distance perspective," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 70(C).
    20. Adamantios Diamantopoulos & Arnd Florack & Georgios Halkias & Johanna Palcu, 2017. "Explicit versus implicit country stereotypes as predictors of product preferences: Insights from the stereotype content model," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 48(8), pages 1023-1036, October.
    21. Jee-Eun Lim, 2020. "Understanding the Discrimination Experienced by Customers with Disabilities in the Tourism and Hospitality Industry: The Case of Seoul in South Korea," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-12, September.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Paula-Diana Peev-Otiman & Nicoleta Mateoc-Sîrb, 2023. "Analyzing the Development Possibilities of the Mountain Area of Banat, Caras-Severin County," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-22, May.
    2. Tamara Gajić & Dragan Vukolić & Jovan Bugarčić & Filip Đoković & Ana Spasojević & Snežana Knežević & Jelena Đorđević Boljanović & Slobodan Glišić & Stefana Matović & Lóránt Dénes Dávid, 2024. "The Adoption of Artificial Intelligence in Serbian Hospitality: A Potential Path to Sustainable Practice," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(8), pages 1-26, April.
    3. Tamara Gajić & Larisa A. Minasyan & Marko D. Petrović & Victor A. Bakhtin & Anna V. Kaneeva & Narine L. Wiegel, 2023. "Travelers’ (in)Resilience to Environmental Risks Emphasized in the Media and Their Redirecting to Medical Destinations: Enhancing Sustainability," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-23, October.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Bourdin, David & Halkias, Georgios & Makri, Katerina, 2021. "The compensatory influences of country stereotypes and the global/local nature of brands: An extended framework," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 137(C), pages 28-38.
    2. Evelyn Hendriana & Khairil Wahidin Awang & Raja Nerina Raja Yusof, 2023. "The interplay between country image and regional ethnocentrism to motivate students considering neighbouring countries," Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 19(4), pages 426-441, December.
    3. Wei, Shuqin & Ang, Tyson & Liou, Ru-Shiun, 2020. "Does the global vs. local scope matter? Contingencies of cause-related marketing in a developed market," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 108(C), pages 201-212.
    4. Suter, Mariana Bassi & Munjal, Surender & Borini, Felipe Mendes & Floriani, Dinora, 2021. "Conceptualizing country-of-origin image as a country-specific advantage: An insider perspective," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 134(C), pages 415-427.
    5. Adamantios Diamantopoulos & Arnd Florack & Georgios Halkias & Johanna Palcu, 2017. "Explicit versus implicit country stereotypes as predictors of product preferences: Insights from the stereotype content model," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 48(8), pages 1023-1036, October.
    6. Leonidas C. Leonidou & Bilge Aykol & Saeed Samiee & Nikolaos Korfiatis, 2022. "A Meta-analysis of the Antecedents and Outcomes of Consumer Foreign Country Image Perceptions: The Moderating Role of Macro-level Country Differences," Management International Review, Springer, vol. 62(5), pages 741-784, October.
    7. Saeed Samiee & Leonidas C. Leonidou & Constantine S. Katsikeas & Bilge Aykol, 2024. "Research on country-of-origin perceptions: review, critical assessment, and the path forward," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 55(3), pages 285-302, April.
    8. Stylos, Nikolaos & Vassiliadis, Chris A. & Bellou, Victoria & Andronikidis, Andreas, 2016. "Destination images, holistic images and personal normative beliefs: Predictors of intention to revisit a destination," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 40-60.
    9. Jin, Zhongqi & Lynch, Richard & Attia, Samaa & Chansarkar, Bal & Gülsoy, Tanses & Lapoule, Paul & Liu, Xueyuan & Newburry, William & Nooraini, Mohamad Sheriff & Parente, Ronaldo & Purani, Keyoor & Ung, 2015. "The relationship between consumer ethnocentrism, cosmopolitanism and product country image among younger generation consumers: The moderating role of country development status," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 24(3), pages 380-393.
    10. Leonidas Hatzithomas & Christina Boutsouki & Fotini Theodorakioglou & Evanthia Papadopoulou, 2021. "The Link between Sustainable Destination Image, Brand Globalness and Consumers’ Purchase Intention: A Moderated Mediation Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(17), pages 1-16, August.
    11. Hayiel Hino & Israel D. Nebenzahl, 2021. "Applying information integration theory to the study of boycott–spillover to linked regions," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 55(5), pages 1889-1915, October.
    12. María del Mar Serrano-Arcos & Raquel Sánchez-Fernández & Juan Carlos Pérez-Mesa, 2021. "Analysis of Product-Country Image from Consumer’s Perspective: The Impact of Subjective Knowledge, Perceived Risk and Media Influence," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-25, February.
    13. Wang, Cheng Lu & Li, Dongjin & Barnes, Bradley R. & Ahn, Jongseok, 2012. "Country image, product image and consumer purchase intention: Evidence from an emerging economy," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 21(6), pages 1041-1051.
    14. Tamás Gyulavári & Erzsébet Malota, 2018. "Do Perceived Culture Personality Traits Lead to a More Favourable Rating of Countries as Tourist Destinations?," Tržište/Market, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Zagreb, vol. 30(1), pages 77-91.
    15. Zeugner-Roth, Katharina Petra & Bartsch, Fabian, 2020. "COO in print advertising: Developed versus developing market comparisons," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 120(C), pages 364-378.
    16. Diamantopoulos, Adamantios & Arslanagic-Kalajdzic, Maja & Moschik, Nicole, 2020. "Are consumers' minds or hearts guiding country of origin effects? Conditioning roles of need for cognition and need for affect," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 108(C), pages 487-495.
    17. Zeugner-Roth, Katharina Petra & Žabkar, Vesna, 2015. "Bridging the gap between country and destination image: Assessing common facets and their predictive validity," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 68(9), pages 1844-1853.
    18. Baldauf, Artur & Cravens, Karen S. & Diamantopoulos, Adamantios & Zeugner-Roth, Katharina Petra, 2009. "The Impact of Product-Country Image and Marketing Efforts on Retailer-Perceived Brand Equity: An Empirical Analysis," Journal of Retailing, Elsevier, vol. 85(4), pages 437-452.
    19. Balabanis, George & Lopez, Carmen, 2022. "Reflective versus unreflective country images: How ruminating on reasons for buying a country’s products alters country image," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 31(5).
    20. Peter M. Fischer & Katharina P. Zeugner-Roth, 2017. "Disentangling country-of-origin effects: the interplay of product ethnicity, national identity, and consumer ethnocentrism," Marketing Letters, Springer, vol. 28(2), pages 189-204, June.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:6:p:5130-:d:1096786. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.