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Investigation of Efficient Adsorption of Toxic Heavy Metals (Chromium, Lead, Cadmium) from Aquatic Environment Using Orange Peel Cellulose as Adsorbent

Author

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  • Aminur Rahman

    (Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia)

  • Kazuhiro Yoshida

    (Laboratory of Phycology and Benthology, Faculty of Agriculture, Saga University, 1 Honjo-Cho, Saga 840-8502, Japan)

  • Mohammed Monirul Islam

    (Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia)

  • Genta Kobayashi

    (Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Saga University, 1 Honjo-Cho, Saga 840-8502, Japan)

Abstract

Heavy metals in the environment cause adverse effects on living organisms. Agro-wastes have the potential to remove heavy metals from aqueous solutions. In this study, the orange peel cellulose (OPC) beads were utilized as adsorbents to remove metals from wastewater. The surface of the adsorbent was studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). The concentrations of the metals before and after adsorption were measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The removal of the metal ions (i.e., Cr 6+ , Cd 2+ , and Pb 2+ ) using the OPC was investigated by varying the pH, contact time, and adsorbent dosages parameters. The maximum removal efficiency obtained for the metal ions occurred at pHs 4–8. The use of the Langmuir isotherm and Freundlich isotherm models demonstrated the statistical significance of the heavy metal adsorption processes (R 2 > 0.96). At a neutral pH, the OPC adsorption order was Pb 2+ > Cd 2+ > Cr 6+ with % removal values of 98.33, 93.91, and 33.50, respectively. The adsorption equilibrium for Cr 6+ was reached after 36 h. For Cd 2+ and Pb 2+ , equilibrium was reached after 8 and 12 h, respectively. The FT-IR and SEM-EDS confirmed the presence of many functional groups and elements on the adsorbent. The adsorption of heavy metals using the OPC is a low-cost, eco-friendly, and innovative method for the removal of metals in aquatic environments. The findings of this study will be highly significant for the public in the affected areas worldwide that have credible health concerns due to water contamination with heavy metals.

Suggested Citation

  • Aminur Rahman & Kazuhiro Yoshida & Mohammed Monirul Islam & Genta Kobayashi, 2023. "Investigation of Efficient Adsorption of Toxic Heavy Metals (Chromium, Lead, Cadmium) from Aquatic Environment Using Orange Peel Cellulose as Adsorbent," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-18, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:5:p:4470-:d:1085788
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Aminur Rahman & Md Azizul Haque & Sibdas Ghosh & Pottathil Shinu & Mahesh Attimarad & Genta Kobayashi, 2023. "Modified Shrimp-Based Chitosan as an Emerging Adsorbent Removing Heavy Metals (Chromium, Nickel, Arsenic, and Cobalt) from Polluted Water," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-20, January.
    2. Giuseppe Genchi & Maria Stefania Sinicropi & Graziantonio Lauria & Alessia Carocci & Alessia Catalano, 2020. "The Effects of Cadmium Toxicity," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(11), pages 1-24, May.
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    2. Violeta Monica Radu & Anca Marina Vîjdea & Alexandru Anton Ivanov & Veronica Elena Alexe & George Dincă & Valentina Maria Cetean & Andra Elena Filiuță, 2023. "Research on the Closure and Remediation Processes of Mining Areas in Romania and Approaches to the Strategy for Heavy Metal Pollution Remediation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-20, October.

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