IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v15y2023i5p3895-d1075460.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

“Quiet the Mind, and the Soul Will Speak”! Exploring the Boundary Effects of Green Mindfulness and Spiritual Intelligence on University Students’ Green Entrepreneurial Intention–Behavior Link

Author

Listed:
  • Binbin Cai

    (International College, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China)

  • Yin Chen

    (International College, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China)

  • Arslan Ayub

    (National School of Management Studies, The University of Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan)

Abstract

Given the escalated gravity of interest in green start-ups in recent years, extant research on green entrepreneurial behavior has investigated the influence of green entrepreneurial intention in stimulating behavior. However, factors that shape green entrepreneurial intention warrant empirical scrutiny to provide a more nuanced understanding of how green entrepreneurial intention transforms into green entrepreneurial behavior. This study aims to explore the role of an individual’s cognitive mechanism, i.e., green mindfulness, in predicting university students’ green entrepreneurial behavior. The study examines a serial mediation model of green intrinsic motivation and green entrepreneurial intention in the relationship between green mindfulness and green entrepreneurial behavior. In addition, the study investigates the moderating role of spiritual intelligence in the direct relationship between green mindfulness and green intrinsic motivation, and the indirect association between green mindfulness and green entrepreneurial intention through green intrinsic motivation. The study adopts a time-lagged design to collect data from university students from Punjab, Pakistan. The authors analyze 395 responses from students in their final years using SmartPLS (v 4.0). As projected, our findings reveal that green mindfulness elevates green entrepreneurial intention through the mediator effect of green intrinsic motivation, which translates into green entrepreneurial behavior. Furthermore, spiritual intelligence significantly moderates the relationship between green mindfulness and green entrepreneurial intention, mediated by green intrinsic motivation, such that at high levels of spiritual intelligence the association is more pronounced and vice versa. The study presents several noteworthy theoretical and practical implications. From a theoretical perspective, the study contributes to the extant literature by investigating the link between green mindfulness and green entrepreneurial behavior through the serial mediator effects of green entrepreneurial intention and green intrinsic motivation and the moderator effect of spiritual intelligence. From a practical perspective the study presents a theoretical framework of university students’ green entrepreneurial intentions, culminating in green entrepreneurial behavior. By investigating these linkages our research draws practitioners’ attention to the crucial roles of green mindfulness and spiritual intelligence in fostering green entrepreneurial behavior.

Suggested Citation

  • Binbin Cai & Yin Chen & Arslan Ayub, 2023. "“Quiet the Mind, and the Soul Will Speak”! Exploring the Boundary Effects of Green Mindfulness and Spiritual Intelligence on University Students’ Green Entrepreneurial Intention–Behavior Link," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-21, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:5:p:3895-:d:1075460
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/5/3895/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/5/3895/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ibrahim Al-Jubari & Arif Hassan & Francisco Liñán, 2019. "Entrepreneurial intention among University students in Malaysia: integrating self-determination theory and the theory of planned behavior," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 15(4), pages 1323-1342, December.
    2. T. Ramayah & Syed Abidur Rahman & Seyedeh Khadijeh Taghizadeh, 2019. "Modelling green entrepreneurial intention among university students using the entrepreneurial event and cultural values theory," International Journal of Entrepreneurial Venturing, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 11(4), pages 394-412.
    3. Shamim Akhtar & José Moleiro Martins & Pedro Neves Mata & Hongyun Tian & Shumaila Naz & Maria Dâmaso & Ricardo Simões Santos, 2021. "Assessing the Relationship between Market Orientation and Green Product Innovation: The Intervening Role of Green Self-Efficacy and Moderating Role of Resource Bricolage," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(20), pages 1-15, October.
    4. KruegerJR, Norris F. & Reilly, Michael D. & Carsrud, Alan L., 2000. "Competing models of entrepreneurial intentions," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 15(5-6), pages 411-432.
    5. Cojoianu, Theodor F. & Clark, Gordon L. & Hoepner, Andreas G.F. & Veneri, Paolo & Wójcik, Dariusz, 2020. "Entrepreneurs for a low carbon world: How environmental knowledge and policy shape the creation and financing of green start-ups," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 49(6).
    6. Yu-Shan Chen & Ching-Hsun Chang & Shu-Ling Yeh & Hsin-I Cheng, 2015. "Green shared vision and green creativity: the mediation roles of green mindfulness and green self-efficacy," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 49(3), pages 1169-1184, May.
    7. Gaofeng Yi, 2021. "From green entrepreneurial intentions to green entrepreneurial behaviors: the role of university entrepreneurial support and external institutional support," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 17(2), pages 963-979, June.
    8. Francisco Linan & Alain Fayolle, 2015. "A systematic literature review on entrepreneurial intentions : citation, thematic analyses, and research agenda," Post-Print hal-02313298, HAL.
    9. Chapman, Gary & Hottenrott, Hanna, 2022. "Green start-ups and the role of founder personality," Journal of Business Venturing Insights, Elsevier, vol. 17(C).
    10. Alain Fayolle & Francisco Liñán & Juan Moriano, 2014. "Beyond entrepreneurial intentions: values and motivations in entrepreneurship," Post-Print hal-02006143, HAL.
    11. Pelin Demirel & Qian Cher Li & Francesco Rentocchini & J. Pawan Tamvada, 2019. "Born to be green: new insights into the economics and management of green entrepreneurship," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 52(4), pages 759-771, April.
    12. Ajzen, Icek, 1991. "The theory of planned behavior," Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Elsevier, vol. 50(2), pages 179-211, December.
    13. Xinshu Zhao & John G. Lynch & Qimei Chen, 2010. "Reconsidering Baron and Kenny: Myths and Truths about Mediation Analysis," Journal of Consumer Research, Journal of Consumer Research Inc., vol. 37(2), pages 197-206, August.
    14. Van Gelderen, Marco & Kautonen, Teemu & Fink, Matthias, 2015. "From entrepreneurial intentions to actions: Self-control and action-related doubt, fear, and aversion," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 30(5), pages 655-673.
    15. Ha Junsheng & Muhammad Mehedi Masud & Rulia Akhtar & Md. Sohel Rana, 2020. "The Mediating Role of Employees’ Green Motivation between Exploratory Factors and Green Behaviour in the Malaysian Food Industry," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-18, January.
    16. Christopher Ball & Markus Kittler, 2019. "Removing environmental market failure through support mechanisms: insights from green start-ups in the British, French and German energy sectors," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 52(4), pages 831-844, April.
    17. Bahadur Ali Soomro & Ikhtiar Ali Ghumro & Naimatullah Shah, 2020. "Green entrepreneurship inclination among the younger generation: An avenue towards a green economy," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 28(4), pages 585-594, July.
    18. Francisco Liñán & Yi–Wen Chen, 2009. "Development and Cross–Cultural Application of a Specific Instrument to Measure Entrepreneurial Intentions," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 33(3), pages 593-617, May.
    19. Thomas K.F. Chiu & Ching-sing Chai, 2020. "Sustainable Curriculum Planning for Artificial Intelligence Education: A Self-Determination Theory Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(14), pages 1-18, July.
    20. Irfan Hameed & Umer Zaman & Idrees Waris & Owais Shafique, 2021. "A Serial-Mediation Model to Link Entrepreneurship Education and Green Entrepreneurial Behavior: Application of Resource-Based View and Flow Theory," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(2), pages 1-19, January.
    21. Joseph Amankwah & Harun Sesen, 2021. "On the Relation between Green Entrepreneurship Intention and Behavior," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-16, July.
    22. Necmi K. Avkiran & Christian M. Ringle (ed.), 2018. "Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling," International Series in Operations Research and Management Science, Springer, number 978-3-319-71691-6, March.
    23. Samuel Bowles & Sandra Polania-Reyes, 2012. "Economic Incentives and Social Preferences: Substitutes or Complements?," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 50(2), pages 368-425, June.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Iftikhar Hussain & Mehrab Nazir & Saadia Bano Hashmi & Assunta Di Vaio & Imrab Shaheen & Muhammad Arfaq Waseem & Adeel Arshad, 2021. "Green and Sustainable Entrepreneurial Intentions: A Mediation-Moderation Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-13, August.
    2. Cai Li & Majid Murad & Sheikh Farhan Ashraf, 2023. "The Influence of Women’s Green Entrepreneurial Intention on Green Entrepreneurial Behavior through University and Social Support," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-17, June.
    3. Iftikhar Hussain & Mehrab Nazir & Saadia Bano Hashmi & Imrab Shaheen & Sabahat Akram & Muhammad Arfaq Waseem & Adeel Arshad, 2021. "Linking Green and Sustainable Entrepreneurial Intentions and Social Networking Sites; The Mediating Role of Self-Efficacy and Risk Propensity," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-13, June.
    4. Ali Saleh Alshebami & Abdullah Hamoud Ali Seraj & Ibrahim A. Elshaer & Abdullah Sultan Al Shammre & Salem Handhal Al Marri & Abdalwali Lutfi & Mostafa Aboulnour Salem & Ashraf Mahrous Nour Zaher, 2023. "Improving Social Performance through Innovative Small Green Businesses: Knowledge Sharing and Green Entrepreneurial Intention as Antecedents," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-18, May.
    5. Gaofeng Yi, 2021. "From green entrepreneurial intentions to green entrepreneurial behaviors: the role of university entrepreneurial support and external institutional support," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 17(2), pages 963-979, June.
    6. Nosheena Yasir & Nasir Mahmood & Hafiz Shakir Mehmood & Osama Rashid & An Liren, 2021. "The Integrated Role of Personal Values and Theory of Planned Behavior to Form a Sustainable Entrepreneurial Intention," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-21, August.
    7. Qing Yin & Delu Wang & Yadong Wang, 2023. "Serial Mediation Model Linking Returnee Entrepreneurship Education and Green Returnee Entrepreneurial Behavior: An Analysis of Environmental Improvement," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-15, September.
    8. Anca-Otilia Dodescu & Elena-Aurelia Botezat & Alexandru Constăngioară & Ioana-Crina Pop-Cohuţ, 2021. "A Partial Least-Square Mediation Analysis of the Contribution of Cross-Campus Entrepreneurship Education to Students’ Entrepreneurial Intentions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-26, August.
    9. Jelle Schepers & Wim Voordeckers & Tensie Steijvers & Eddy Laveren, 2021. "Entrepreneurial intention-action gap in family firms: bifurcation bias and the board of directors as an economizing mechanism," Eurasian Business Review, Springer;Eurasia Business and Economics Society, vol. 11(3), pages 451-475, September.
    10. Brizeida Raquel Hernández-Sánchez & Giuseppina Maria Cardella & José Carlos Sánchez-García, 2020. "Psychological Factors that Lessen the Impact of COVID-19 on the Self-Employment Intention of Business Administration and Economics’ Students from Latin America," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(15), pages 1-22, July.
    11. Shehnaz Tehseen & Syed Arslan Haider, 2021. "Impact of Universities’ Partnerships on Students’ Sustainable Entrepreneurship Intentions: A Comparative Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-20, April.
    12. Nosheena Yasir & Ruyu Xie & Junrui Zhang, 2022. "The Impact of Personal Values and Attitude toward Sustainable Entrepreneurship on Entrepreneurial Intention to Enhance Sustainable Development: Empirical Evidence from Pakistan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-20, June.
    13. Simpy Malhotra & Ravi Kiran, 2023. "Examining the Relationship between Entrepreneurial Perceived Behaviour, Intentions, and Competencies as Catalysts for Sustainable Growth: An Indian Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-19, April.
    14. Evangelia Koutsogianni & Dimitrios Stavroulakis & Alexandros Sahinidis & Miltiadis Chalikias, 2021. "Liquid Modernity as an Analytical Framework: A Study of the Entrepreneurial Intention- Behavior Divergence," International Journal of Economics & Business Administration (IJEBA), International Journal of Economics & Business Administration (IJEBA), vol. 0(4), pages 194-211.
    15. Meoli, Azzurra & Fini, Riccardo & Sobrero, Maurizio & Wiklund, Johan, 2020. "How entrepreneurial intentions influence entrepreneurial career choices: The moderating influence of social context," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 35(3).
    16. Christian Linder & Michael Nippa, 2019. "Jumping in at the deep end! The role of motivational forces in starting a new venture," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 15(4), pages 1363-1391, December.
    17. Meqbel M. Aliedan & Ibrahim A. Elshaer & Mansour A. Alyahya & Abu Elnasr E. Sobaih, 2022. "Influences of University Education Support on Entrepreneurship Orientation and Entrepreneurship Intention: Application of Theory of Planned Behavior," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-18, October.
    18. Ricardo Figueiredo Belchior & Roisin Lyons, 2021. "Explaining entrepreneurial intentions, nascent entrepreneurial behavior and new business creation with social cognitive career theory – a 5-year longitudinal analysis," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 17(4), pages 1945-1972, December.
    19. Elsy Lediana & Tomy Perdana & Yosini Deliana & Tuhpawana P. Sendjaja, 2023. "Sustainable Entrepreneurial Intention of Youth for Agriculture Start-Up: An Integrated Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-19, January.
    20. Chunyan Chen & Anmol Rasheed & Arslan Ayub, 2023. "Does Green Mindfulness Promote Green Organizational Citizenship Behavior: A Moderated Mediation Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-16, March.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:5:p:3895-:d:1075460. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.