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Unveiling Ancestral Sustainability: A Comprehensive Study of Economic, Environmental, and Social Factors in Potato and Quinoa Cultivation in the Highland Aynokas of Puno, Peru

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  • Fredy Calizaya

    (Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Escuela Profesional de Ingeniería Agronómica, Universidad Nacional del Altiplano, Puno 21001, Peru
    Programa de Doctorado en Agricultura Sustentable (PDAS), Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Ave. La Molina S.N., Lima 15012, Peru)

  • Luz Gómez

    (Departamento de Fitotecnia, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Ave. La Molina S.N., Lima 12056, Peru)

  • Jorge Zegarra

    (Escuela Profesional de Ingeniería Agronómica y Agrícola, Universidad Católica de Santa María Arequipa, Urbanización San José s/n Umacollo, Arequipa 04445, Peru)

  • Melvin Pozo

    (Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Escuela Profesional de Agronomía, Universidad Nacional de Huancavelica, Paturpampa 09001, Peru)

  • Carmen Mindani

    (Facultad de Industrias Alimentarias, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Av. La Molina S.N., Lima 12056, Peru)

  • Cirilo Caira

    (Facultad de Ingeniería, Escuela Profesional Ingeniería Forestal y Ambiental, Universidad Nacional de Jaén, Jaen 06800, Peru)

  • Elmer Calizaya

    (Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Escuela Profesional de Ingeniería Topográfica y Agrimensura, Universidad Nacional del Altiplano, Puno 21001, Peru)

Abstract

Centuries of cultivation in the Highland Aynoka of Puno, Peru, have endowed indigenous crops such as potato and quinoa with rich cultural and nutritional value deeply ingrained in local traditions. This study meticulously evaluates their economic viability, environmental implications, and cultural importance by employing a mixed-methods research approach involving surveys, interviews, and observations. The outcome reveals that while the Economic Sustainability Index (EKI) moderately supports potato and quinoa production sustainability, with a value of 2.98, it falls short of significant impact. Conversely, the Environmental Sustainability Index (ESI) and the Social Sustainability Index (SSI) exhibit moderate levels of sustainability, recording values of 4.04 and 3.38 for ESI and SSI, respectively. These crops demonstrate acceptable economic feasibility, marked by consistent sales, income generation, and manageable production expenses. The findings underscore the urgency of endorsing sustainable farming methods to safeguard cultural heritage, boost market prospects, and fortify regional ecological robustness. Rooted in ancestral sustainability, potato and quinoa cultivation is a cornerstone in local food systems. Recognizing the cultural, economic, and environmental significance inherent to these crops, efforts can be channeled towards nurturing sustainable agricultural systems that uphold community well-being, conserve biodiversity, and facilitate cultural resilience in Puno’s Highland Aynoka.

Suggested Citation

  • Fredy Calizaya & Luz Gómez & Jorge Zegarra & Melvin Pozo & Carmen Mindani & Cirilo Caira & Elmer Calizaya, 2023. "Unveiling Ancestral Sustainability: A Comprehensive Study of Economic, Environmental, and Social Factors in Potato and Quinoa Cultivation in the Highland Aynokas of Puno, Peru," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-23, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:17:p:13163-:d:1230986
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