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Impact of Rock Fragment Shapes and Soil Cohesion on Runoff Generation and Sediment Yield of Steep Cut Slopes under Heavy Rainfall Conditions

Author

Listed:
  • Jing Luo

    (State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China)

  • Peng Yang

    (State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China)

  • Xiangjun Pei

    (State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China)

  • Junhao Li

    (State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China)

  • Shihan Shan

    (State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
    Power China Chengdu Engineering Corporation Limited, Chengdu 611130, China)

  • Yuying Duan

    (State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China)

  • Yingping Huang

    (State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China)

Abstract

The erodibility and erosion resistance of Quaternary sediments play a pivotal role in both the hydrologic and erosion processes of soil cut slopes. To investigate the runoff and sediment yield of soil cut slopes along the Pai-Mo road, we performed indoor simulated rainfall experiments under a 50° steep slope and high rainfall intensity (120 mm/h), based on the area’s climatic characteristics and Quaternary sediment properties. The experiments included various rock fragment contents (30%, 40%, and 50%), different levels of rock fragment roundness (i.e., rounded gravel, angular gravel), and varying soil cohesion. The results indicated that the average infiltration rate of the uncemented rounded gravel soil slope (URGSS) was higher than that of the uncemented angular gravel soil slope (UAGSS), resulting in less runoff and a delayed initial runoff time. The runoff shear stress, runoff power, drag coefficient, and Reynolds number of the URGSS were smaller than those of the UAGSS. In contrast, the Froude number and flow velocity of the URGSS were larger, resulting in a stronger runoff erosion capacity. The sediment yield of the URGSS was approximately two times that of the UAGSS, and the cumulative sediment yield was about 20% higher. The cemented angular gravel soil slope (CAGSS) had a larger runoff rate, runoff shear stress, runoff power, and flow velocity than those of the UAGSS, leading to less sediment yield. Overall, a more rounded shape and a larger radius of curvature of the spherical particles resulted in stronger erosion, due to local turbulence. Therefore, the rill density and cumulative sediment yield of the steep alluvial cut slope were greater than that of the steep colluvial cut slope under heavy rainfall. Moreover, due to its strong cohesion, only raindrop splash erosion and inter-rill erosion occurred on the steep moraine cut slopes under heavy rainfall.

Suggested Citation

  • Jing Luo & Peng Yang & Xiangjun Pei & Junhao Li & Shihan Shan & Yuying Duan & Yingping Huang, 2023. "Impact of Rock Fragment Shapes and Soil Cohesion on Runoff Generation and Sediment Yield of Steep Cut Slopes under Heavy Rainfall Conditions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-21, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:14:p:10841-:d:1191133
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Qiannan Yang & Haidong Gao & Yong Han & Zhanbin Li & Kexin Lu, 2022. "Evolution of the Relationship between Runoff and Sediment Transport during Flood Event in the Chabagou Watershed of the Loess Plateau," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-14, September.
    2. Mircea Moldovan & Ioan Tăut & Florin Alexandru Rebrean & Bartha Szilard & Iulia Diana Arion & Marcel Dîrja, 2022. "Determining the Anti-Erosion Efficiency of Forest Stands Installed on Degraded Land," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-14, November.
    3. Pasquale Borrelli & David A. Robinson & Larissa R. Fleischer & Emanuele Lugato & Cristiano Ballabio & Christine Alewell & Katrin Meusburger & Sirio Modugno & Brigitta Schütt & Vito Ferro & Vincenzo Ba, 2017. "An assessment of the global impact of 21st century land use change on soil erosion," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 8(1), pages 1-13, December.
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