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Spatial-Temporal Trend Analysis of Rainfall Erosivity and Erosivity Density of Tropical Area in Air Bengkulu Watershed, Indonesia

Author

Listed:
  • Supriyono Supriyono

    (Department of Geography Education, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, Indonesia)

  • Utaya Sugeng

    (Department of Geography Education, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, Indonesia)

  • Taryana Didik

    (Department of Geography Education, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, Indonesia)

  • Handoyo Budi

    (Department of Geography Education, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, Indonesia)

Abstract

There have been many studies on rainfall erosivity and erosivity density (ED). However, it was not widely developed in Indonesia as a tropical country and has unique precipitation patterns. They are indicators for assessing the potential risk of soil erosion. The Air Bengkulu Watershed is undergoing severe land degradation due to soil erosion. This study aimed to analyze spatial-temporal in rainfall erosivity and ED based on monthly rainfall data (mm). The data used consisted of 19 weather stations during the period 2006–2020 and which are sparsely distributed over the watershed. The analysis was done by using Arnold's equation. Then, the trend was tested using parametric and non-parametric statistics, and analysed with linear regression equation, and Spearman's Rho and Mann Kendall's tests. The spatial distribution of both algorithms was analysed using the inverse distance weighted (IDW) method based on the geographic information system (GIS). Unlike previous research findings, The long-term average monthly rainfall erosivity and ED revealed a general increase and decreasing trend, whereas it was found to be non-significant when both indices were observed. However, these results indicate a range from 840.94 MJ · mm−1 · ha−1 · h−1 · a−1, 552.42 MJ · mm−1 · ha−1 · h−1 · a−1 to 472.09 MJ · mm−1 · ha−1 · h−1 · a−1 in that November month followed by December and April are the most susceptible months for soil erosion. Therefore, The upstream area of the region shows that various anthropogenic activities must be managed properly by taking into account the rainfall erosivity on the environment and that more stringent measures should be followed in soil and water conservation activities.

Suggested Citation

  • Supriyono Supriyono & Utaya Sugeng & Taryana Didik & Handoyo Budi, 2021. "Spatial-Temporal Trend Analysis of Rainfall Erosivity and Erosivity Density of Tropical Area in Air Bengkulu Watershed, Indonesia," Quaestiones Geographicae, Sciendo, vol. 40(3), pages 125-142, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:vrs:quageo:v:40:y:2021:i:3:p:125-142:n:9
    DOI: 10.2478/quageo-2021-0028
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Sri Murniani Angelina Letsoin & David Herak & Fajar Rahmawan & Ratna Chrismiari Purwestri, 2020. "Land Cover Changes from 1990 to 2019 in Papua, Indonesia: Results of the Remote Sensing Imagery," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(16), pages 1-18, August.
    2. Pasquale Borrelli & David A. Robinson & Larissa R. Fleischer & Emanuele Lugato & Cristiano Ballabio & Christine Alewell & Katrin Meusburger & Sirio Modugno & Brigitta Schütt & Vito Ferro & Vincenzo Ba, 2017. "An assessment of the global impact of 21st century land use change on soil erosion," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 8(1), pages 1-13, December.
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    Keywords

    erosivity; IDW; tropical; watershed;
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