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An Approach to Understanding the Hydration of Cement-Based Composites Reinforced with Untreated Natural Fibers

Author

Listed:
  • Joan Llorens

    (CATS Research Group, Department of Architecture and Construction Engineering, University of Girona, Avda Mª Aurelia Capmany 61, 17071 Girona, Spain)

  • Fernando Julián

    (LEPAMAP-PRODIS Research Group, Department of Organization, Business Management and Product Design, University of Girona, Avda Mª Aurelia Capmany 61, 17071 Girona, Spain)

  • Ester Gifra

    (CATS Research Group, Department of Architecture and Construction Engineering, University of Girona, Avda Mª Aurelia Capmany 61, 17071 Girona, Spain)

  • Francesc X. Espinach

    (LEPAMAP-PRODIS Research Group, Department of Organization, Business Management and Product Design, University of Girona, Avda Mª Aurelia Capmany 61, 17071 Girona, Spain)

  • Jordi Soler

    (CATS Research Group, Department of Architecture and Construction Engineering, University of Girona, Avda Mª Aurelia Capmany 61, 17071 Girona, Spain)

  • Miquel Àngel Chamorro

    (CATS Research Group, Department of Architecture and Construction Engineering, University of Girona, Avda Mª Aurelia Capmany 61, 17071 Girona, Spain)

Abstract

The use of untreated natural fibers to reinforce cementitious composites improves their environmental friendliness, resulting in a more sustainable material. Moreover, the influence of the untreated natural fibers on the hydration process of Portland cement composites presents some uncertainties. According to the literature, the most usual tests to analyze the degree of hydration of cement composites are the differential thermal and thermogravimetric analyses (TGA/dTGA). Several authors propose to analyze data methods to establish the degree of hydration of cement composites. This paper presents the TGA/dTGA test carried out on mortar samples with and without fibers at age 2, 3, 7, 14, and 28 days. The degree of hydration was calculated according to Bhatty’s method. To characterize the raw materials, the quantitative chemical was determined using scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM–EDX). The main findings of this study were that the presence of untreated natural hemp fibers in the OPC composites increased the hydration degree by 9%. The presence of fibers affected the formation of several components. Thus, their presence increased the formation of monosulphate, reduced portlandite, did not affect ettringite, and increased the formation of calcite, thereby improving the sustainable footprint due to the increased CO 2 fixation.

Suggested Citation

  • Joan Llorens & Fernando Julián & Ester Gifra & Francesc X. Espinach & Jordi Soler & Miquel Àngel Chamorro, 2023. "An Approach to Understanding the Hydration of Cement-Based Composites Reinforced with Untreated Natural Fibers," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-17, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:12:p:9388-:d:1168469
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Md Azree Othuman Mydin & Mohd Nasrun Mohd Nawi & Ruba A. Odeh & Anas A. Salameh, 2022. "Potential of Biomass Frond Fiber on Mechanical Properties of Green Foamed Concrete," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-17, June.
    2. Slopiecka, Katarzyna & Bartocci, Pietro & Fantozzi, Francesco, 2012. "Thermogravimetric analysis and kinetic study of poplar wood pyrolysis," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 491-497.
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