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Characterization and Analysis of Malaysian Macroalgae Biomass as Potential Feedstock for Bio-Oil Production

Author

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  • Mei Yin Ong

    (Institute of Sustainable Energy, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan Ikram-UNITEN, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia)

  • Nor-Insyirah Syahira Abdul Latif

    (Institute of Sustainable Energy, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan Ikram-UNITEN, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia)

  • Hui Yi Leong

    (Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia)

  • Bello Salman

    (Institute of Sustainable Energy, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan Ikram-UNITEN, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia)

  • Pau Loke Show

    (Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia)

  • Saifuddin Nomanbhay

    (Institute of Sustainable Energy, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan Ikram-UNITEN, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia)

Abstract

The potential of Caulerpa lentillifera , Gracilaria coronopifolia and Chaetomorpha linum , as biomass feedstock was investigated in this study. It was concluded that seaweed is more suitable for bio-based products synthesis, i.e., bioplastic and bio-lubricants, instead of biofuels due to its relatively low calorific value (~12 MJ/kg). Since seaweed has high moisture content (~80%), hydrothermal liquefaction is recommended, and its efficiency can be further enhanced through microwave technology. Besides, it is found that the thermal degradation of seaweed was best described with the reaction order of 1. The kinetic results also indicated that seaweed consists of lower activation energy (<30 kJ/mol) in comparison with terrestrial biomass (50–170 kJ/mol). Hence, seaweed has a high potential to be used as biomass feedstock, particularly Chaetomorpha linum , as it has no conflict with other interests. Lastly, acetic-acid pre-treatment was suggested to be an optional process in order to increase the algal conversion efficiency as it can reduce up to 25% of ash content.

Suggested Citation

  • Mei Yin Ong & Nor-Insyirah Syahira Abdul Latif & Hui Yi Leong & Bello Salman & Pau Loke Show & Saifuddin Nomanbhay, 2019. "Characterization and Analysis of Malaysian Macroalgae Biomass as Potential Feedstock for Bio-Oil Production," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-14, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:18:p:3509-:d:266448
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Zhou, Limin & Zou, Hongbin & Wang, Yun & Le, Zhanggao & Liu, Zhirong & Adesina, Adesoji A., 2017. "Effect of potassium on thermogravimetric behavior and co-pyrolytic kinetics of wood biomass and low density polyethylene," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 102(PA), pages 134-141.
    2. Gollakota, A.R.K. & Kishore, Nanda & Gu, Sai, 2018. "A review on hydrothermal liquefaction of biomass," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 81(P1), pages 1378-1392.
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    Cited by:

    1. Mei Yin Ong & Saifuddin Nomanbhay, 2022. "Optimization Study on Microwave-Assisted Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Malaysian Macroalgae Chaetomorpha sp. for Phenolic-Rich Bio-Oil Production," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-22, May.
    2. Mohamed A. Hassaan & Ahmed El Nemr & Marwa R. Elkatory & Ahmed Eleryan & Safaa Ragab & Amany El Sikaily & Antonio Pantaleo, 2021. "Enhancement of Biogas Production from Macroalgae Ulva latuca via Ozonation Pretreatment," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-16, March.
    3. Chen, Chunxiang & Fan, Dianzhao & Zhao, Jian & Qi, Qianhao & Huang, Xiaodong & Zeng, Tianyang & Bi, Yingxin, 2022. "Study on microwave-assisted co-pyrolysis and bio-oil of Chlorella vulgaris with high-density polyethylene under activated carbon," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 247(C).

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