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Recycling of Industrial Waste Gypsum Using Mineral Carbonation

Author

Listed:
  • Chan-Ung Kang

    (Climate Change Response Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM), 124, Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34132, Korea)

  • Sang-Woo Ji

    (Policy & Planning Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM), 124, Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34132, Korea)

  • Hwanju Jo

    (Climate Change Response Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM), 124, Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34132, Korea)

Abstract

Direct mineral carbonation (MC) is used to mitigate carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions. This method has the great advantages of reducing the amount of industrial residues and creating valuable materials by incorporating CO 2 . Waste gypsum, industrial waste including flue gas desulfurization (FGD) gypsum (25.27–53.40 wt% of CaO), and phosphogypsum (30.50–39.06 wt% of CaO) can be used for direct MC (conversion rate up to 96%). Mineral carbonation converts waste gypsum into calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ), which can be recycled during desulfurization. Furthermore, ammonium sulfate ((NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 ), which is used as a fertilizer, can be prepared as a by-product when the carbonation reaction is performed using ammonia (NH 3 ) as a base. In this study, recent progress in the carbonation kinetics and preparation of CaCO 3 using FGD gypsum and phosphogypsum with NH 3 was investigated. Temperature, CO 2 partial pressure, CO 2 flow rate, and NH 3 concentration were reviewed as factors affecting carbonation kinetics and efficiency. The factors influencing the polymorphs of the prepared CaCO 3 were also reviewed and summarized. A state-of-the-art bench-scale plant study was also proposed. In addition, economic feasibility was investigated based on a bench-scale study to analyze the future applicability of this technology.

Suggested Citation

  • Chan-Ung Kang & Sang-Woo Ji & Hwanju Jo, 2022. "Recycling of Industrial Waste Gypsum Using Mineral Carbonation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-13, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:8:p:4436-:d:789519
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Song, Kyungsun & Jang, Young-Nam & Kim, Wonbaek & Lee, Myung Gyu & Shin, Dongbok & Bang, Jun-Hwan & Jeon, Chi Wan & Chae, Soo Chun, 2014. "Factors affecting the precipitation of pure calcium carbonate during the direct aqueous carbonation of flue gas desulfurization gypsum," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 527-532.
    2. Lee, Myung gyu & Jang, Young Nam & Ryu, Kyung won & Kim, Wonbeak & Bang, Jun-Hwan, 2012. "Mineral carbonation of flue gas desulfurization gypsum for CO2 sequestration," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 47(1), pages 370-377.
    3. Sanna, Aimaro & Dri, Marco & Hall, Matthew R. & Maroto-Valer, Mercedes, 2012. "Waste materials for carbon capture and storage by mineralisation (CCSM) – A UK perspective," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 99(C), pages 545-554.
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