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An Eye-Tracking Study on the Effect of Different Signalized Intersection Typologies on Pedestrian Performance

Author

Listed:
  • Chiara Gruden

    (Faculty of Civil Engineering, Transportation Engineering and Architecture, University of Maribor, Smetanova Ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia)

  • Irena Ištoka Otković

    (Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Vladimira Preloga 3, 31000 Osijek, Croatia)

  • Matjaž Šraml

    (Faculty of Civil Engineering, Transportation Engineering and Architecture, University of Maribor, Smetanova Ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia)

Abstract

Pedestrian safety is a well-known issue, such that many road safety associations emphasize measures to improve this aspect. One of the main conflict points is pedestrian crossings, where motorized and non-motorized traffic flows directly interact and where pedestrian attention and reaction are two elements that can strongly influence their safety. Nowadays, these aspects are often deviated by the use of smartphones to surf the Internet or social media. The aim of the present study is to find out (1) whether and how intersection typology affects pedestrian behavior, both in terms of attention and crossing performance, and (2) whether and how gaze and behavioral characteristics are affected by smartphone use and social media browsing. To achieve this goal, eye-tracking technology was used to obtain qualitative and quantitative information on the number of fixations, their duration, and reaction times of pedestrians. Additionally, from the eye-tracking videos, it was possible to derive pedestrian waiting times, crossing times, and speeds. Statistical tests were conducted to determine if there is a significant difference in pedestrian behavior at the three different types of intersections and in their behavior when using or not using their device. Results confirm the initial hypotheses and quantify the difference in pedestrian gaze behavior and crossing performance when walking across three different types of signalized crosswalks.

Suggested Citation

  • Chiara Gruden & Irena Ištoka Otković & Matjaž Šraml, 2022. "An Eye-Tracking Study on the Effect of Different Signalized Intersection Typologies on Pedestrian Performance," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-19, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:4:p:2112-:d:748052
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Rajagopal, 2014. "The Human Factors," Palgrave Macmillan Books, in: Architecting Enterprise, chapter 9, pages 225-249, Palgrave Macmillan.
    2. Chiara Gruden & Irena Ištoka Otković & Matjaž Šraml, 2021. "Safety Analysis of Young Pedestrian Behavior at Signalized Intersections: An Eye-Tracking Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-16, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Fan Jiang & Ning Ding & Jiguang Shi & Zhenyu Fan, 2022. "Verify the Validity of Guidance Sign in Buildings: A New Method Based on Mixed Reality with Eye Tracking Device," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-24, September.

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